Standard Charge

The standard charge provides a basic, versatile demolitions tool which can be made up in advance and utilized in many situations, especially when specific knowledge of the target is not available. 

Cut two pieces of primacord about a yard long. Onto each tie a triple roll or girth hitch knot with short pieces of primacord. The knots should be tight enough not to come untied, but they should slide easily along the main lines. 

Close the two halves together over the primacord lines and knots. Tape or otherwise wrap and bind the charge tightly to insure close contact of explosive around the knots. Also tape the ends of the block so the knots will not pull out. 

NOTE If primacord is in short supply, a single strand of primacord with two knots tied on it may be used in place of the dual system described and illustrated. 

A primary resistance activity is damaging or destroying locomotives by derailment. To insure the derailment of a modern locomotive it is necessary to remove a length of rail equal to the length of the fixed wheel base of the locomotive. For practical- purposes, removal of 20 feet of rail on one side of the track will result in the derailment of any locomotive. 

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Nominal Voltage (V) Nominal capacity (mAh) Internal Resistance (fi) Standard charging current (mA) Standard charging method Cycle time (min) Diameter Height ... 

Pentolite is also used as a standard charge for both air blast and underwater blast measurements. Extensive air blast measurements using Pentolite were made by Stoner Bleakney (Ref 3). Theoretical air blast computations for Pentolite (and TNT) have been given by Shear Wright (Ref 7) and by Shear (Ref 7a)... 

The annual cost of the laboratory analyses required for process monitoring and quality control is a significant item in most modem chemical plants. The costs should be calculated from an estimate of the number of analyses required and the standard charge for each analysis, based on experience with similar processes. 

Figure 28 suggests targets and placement of the standard charge. 

Low cost Performance Cost per month Dollars 50% of standard charges from local land line phone co. 

Finally, we polymerized four standard charges, two each with dose rates of 50 and 200 rad per hour respectively. The maximum over-all reaction rate rose by a factor of 2 with quadruple dose rate, from about 0.2 to about 0.4 mg. of polymer per minute per gram of emulsion. This corresponds to the square root law (termination with two radicals) ... 

I(dc) is inserted in equation 5.2 to calculate the specific volume resistivity at that temperature and electrical field strength. This measuring procedure is completely automated, see 5.1.4. The volume resistivity determination is described in the ASTM D257 (US), BS 202A (UK), DIN 53596/51953 (BRD) and in ISO 93 [3]. The time dependency of Ic is mentioned in all these methods. Besides, all methods indicate that I(dc) is determined usually after a standard charging time of 60 seconds. It will be clear that if one assumes I(dc) = Ic(60 seconds), this current nearly always contains a time dependent charging current contribution. 

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