Stabilisation/solidification

Montgomery DM, Sollars CJ, Sheriff TS, Perry R (1988) Organophilic clays for the successful stabilisation/solidification of problematic organic wastes. Environ Technol Lett 9 1403... 

Stabilisation/solidification processes involve solidifying contaminated materials, converting contaminants into less mobile chemical forms and/or binding them within an insoluble matrix presenting a minimal surface area to leaching agents. It is when the process results in chemical fixation of contaminating substances that the term stabilisation can be applied... 

Stabilisation/solidification processes have been applied both in situ and ex situ, the latter being both on and off site. With an ex situ approach it may be necessary to landfill the stabilised product if an alternative use or disposal option is not possible. A disadvantage here is that the volume of the stabilised product can be considerably greater than the original contaminated material because of the quantities of stabilisation materials that have been added. 

Stabilisation/solidification processes can be classified according to the type of material used as the binder. The more frequently applied methods use ... 

Table 9 summarises the advantages and disadvantages of stabilisation/solidification. 

U.S. EPA, Silicate Technology Corporation s Solidification Stabilisation Technology for Organic and Inorganic Contaminants in S oils Applications Analysis Report, EPA/540/AR-92/010, Washington, D.C., 1992. 

Bottero, J.-Y., Chatelet, L. et al. 1997. Les dechets ultimes inertes peuvent-ils devenir des materiaux utiles In Cases, J.-M. Thomas, F. (eds) Proceedings Procidis de Solidification et de Stabilisation des Dichets, Nancy, France, 436-443. 

Glasser, F. P. 1997. Fundamental aspects of cement solidification and stabilisation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 52, 151-170. 

Polymerisation Gelification ( Stabilisation Coacervation Coalescence Solidification Evaporation (drying) ... 

The physicochemical features of the processes of formation, stabilisation and solidification of foams are best studied for a polymer foam from urea-formaldehyde resins. That is why the urea polymer foams are used here below to exemplify the principles of optimisation of the technology for production of polymer foam materials. 

Q. Y. Chen, M. Tyrer, C. D. Hills, X. M. Yang and P. Carey, Immobilisation of Heavy Metal in Cement-Based Solidification/Stabilisation A Review , Waste Manage., 2009, 29, 390. 

Dutre, V. Vandecasteele, C. 1995. Solidification/ stabilisation of arsenic-containing waste leach tests and behaviour of aresenic in the leachate. Waste Management, 15(1), 55-62. 

Vandecasteele, C., Van den Btoeck, K., and Dutre, V. (2000). ICP-MS, hydride generation-ICP-MS, and CZE for the study (analysis and speciation) of solidification/stabilisation of industrial waste containing arsenic. Waste Manag. 20(2), 211. 

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