Spruce, Engelmann

Lodgepole pine 3 -90 10% from Engelmann spruce and aspen... 

The value of spruce-oil chemistry in sorting out problems of hybridization and introgression—major factors in Picea taxonomy—was succinctly summarized by von Rudloff who defined three situations (1) Terpene variation is limited such that it is not possible to use these characters in studies of introgression this is the case in eastern North America where the ranges of black spruce and red spruce overlap. (2) Sufficient variation in terpene profiles exists for the compounds to be useful markers in systematic studies as seen in white spruce. Brewer s spruce, and Sitka spruce. (3) Tree-to-tree variation in terpene content is so variable that use in che-mosystematic studies is precluded, or at least requires very large sample sizes for statistical reliability, as seen with Engelmann s spruce. 

In the Bonaparte Lake area of south-central BC, samples of outer bark from Engelmann spruce and lodgepole pine were collected on an opportunistic basis during the course of field mapping. Consequently, the sample distribution was uneven, but expedient and sufficient to... 

Arthur, M. A., and T. J. Fahey. 1993a. Throughfall chemistry in an Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir forest in north central Colorado. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23 738-742. 

Douglas fir, loblolly pine, and Engelmann spruce specimens 4.5 by 4.5 cm in the radial and tangential directions were cut into a series of end matched cross sections 3 mm thick for... 

Table II. Efficiency of Furfuryl Alcohol Resin Treatment of Douglas fir and Engelmann Spruce cross Sections Cured at 120°C in Aluminum Foil, the Antishrink Efficiency CASE) and the Relative Abrasion Resistance.

Figure 1. Antishrink efficiency (ASE) vs. furfuryl resin content. O, yellow poplar sticks A, Douglas fir cross sections , Engelmann spruce cross sections X, loblolly pine cross sections...

Figure 3. Relative abrasion resistance vs. logarithm of the zinc chloride catalyst concentration for end-matched cross sections of furfuryl alcohol resin-treated Engelmann spruce. Arrows indicate range of relative abrasion resistance values.

Polysaccharides of the xyloglucan may be of relatively widespread occurrence, and examples have been reported from the bark of Engel-mann spruce (Picea engelmann), 5 red-spruce compression-wood,155 the seeds of white mustard (Brassica alba),156 and sycamore callus-cells.157 The mustard156 and sycamore157 polysaccharides are charac-... 

Thylor R J, Shaw D C 1983 Allelopathic effects of Engelmann spruce bark stilbenes and tannin-stilbene combinations on seed germination and seedling growth of selected conifers. Can J Bot 61 279-289... 

Chaing K K 1973 Engelmann spruce and lodgepole pine bark as adhesives in particleboard. Ph D Thesis. Colorado State Univ Fort Collins CO... 

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