Splicing errors

C. Splicing errors alter the critical sequence around an intron-exon splice junction. 

For additional practice correcting comma splice errors, see pages 494-495 in Chapter 18. 

In addition to helping to convey your voice and personality, commas are often used misused. There are two common errors that all college-bound students should be aware of the comma splice, and the serial comma. 

Fig. 1. Errors arising from the incorrect annotation of protein B from genomic data. The correct annotation lies above the dotted line, and incorrect cases lie below the dotted line. Objects colored in red indicate errors. Similar shading of objects implies homology. Other possible errors that are not represented are the incorrect interpretation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of a gene as different genes, and incomplete detection of splice variants.

Known as a comma splice, this error is the incorrect use of a comma to connect two complete sentences. It creates a run-on sentence. To correct a comma splice, you can either ... 

This essay score a 3. There is a loose organizational structure, and the writer does take a stand, but it is weakened by a number of disclaimers, such as I think it can probably buy and In my opinion. Remember, a direct, confident approach is best. Many points are made for which there is no evidence or other types of support (what is the connection between health and slums, for example ). Errors in grammar and spelling are plentiful, and include a sentence fragment, a run-on sentence, and confused words (their/they re, your/you re). The conclusion is one sentence at the end of the last paragraph, and while it does generally reiterate the thesis, it is trite, has a weakening disclaimer, and contains a comma splice. 

In this Skillful response, the writer wittily portrays the space creature, whose primary interest seems to be in a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. There are some errors such as comma splices, and the response does not provide details about the space creature or about the writer s own reactions as consistently or fully as the Excellent responses. 

Farchi, N., Shoham, S., Hochner, B., Soreq, H. (2007b). Impaired hippocampal plasticity and errors in cognitive performance in mice with maladaptive AChE splice site selection. Eur. J. Neurosci. 25 87-98. 

Know your enemies. Learn to identify your particularly troublesome areas in punctuation and grammar and then read through your draft for one of these problems at a time once for fragments, once for comma splices, once for run-ons, and so on. (If you try to look for too many errors at each reading, you ll probably miss quite a few.)... 

A comma splice occurs when two sentences are linked with a comma. To correct this error, you can (1) separate the two sentences with a period, (2) separate the two sentences with a semicolon, (3) insert a coordinating conjunction ( for, but, and, or, nor, so, yet ) after the comma, or (4) subordinate one clause. 

Do not join two sentences with a comma only such an error is called a comma splice. Use a comma plus one of the coordinating conjunctions listed previously, a period, a semicolon, or subordination. 

C. The following sentences contain many kinds of comma errors, including the comma splice. Correct any errors you see by adding, deleting, or changing the commas as needed. 

Of 43 337 pairs of donor and acceptor splice sites (splice pairs) 22 489 were supported by EST sequences. 98.71% of those contain canonical dinucleotides GT and AG for donor and acceptor sites. 0.56% hold non-canonical GC-AG splice site pairs. The reminder 0.73% occurs in a lot of small groups (with maximum size of 0.05%). 53.6% of canonical and just 27.3% of non-canonical splice pairs were supported by ESTs. Based on these figures it was supposed that at least half of annotated non-canonical sites presents annotation errors, as was shown in some previous works [8, 17]. 

Possible errors in EST-supported splice pairs. Example of an annotated non-canonical junction from the H. sapiens telethonin gene, intron 1 (Genbank accession AJ010063). This junction is... 

Errors found by comparing GenBank and human high throughput sequences for several annotated non-canonical splice sites. 

---