Spill-over effect

The second part of the book deals with the use of above method in physical and chemical studies. In addition to illustration load, this part of the book has a separate scientific value. The matter is that as examples the book provides a detailed description of the studies of sudi highly interesting processes as adsorption, catalysis, pyrolysis, photolysis, radiolysis, spill-over effect as well as gives an insight to such problems as behavior of free radicals at phase interface, interaction of electron-excited particles with the surface of solid body, effect of restructuring of the surface of adsorbent on development of different heterogeneous processes. 

Plane oxide sensors were used to study lateral diffusion of H-atoms and spill-over effect. 

As shown by Moore (1984 126), the velocity is only equal to the multiplier under the assumption that the period of production and the period dining which the multiplier is completed are the same as the period during which a given volume of money circulates. Under this assumption, the magnitude of spill-over effects, associated with an initial money outlay on investment through the multiplier process, provides an equilibrium constraint on the size of the velocity.8... 

The parallel assumption of the circuit approach is that the multiplier is also equal to 1, meaning that there are no income-expenditure spill-over effects between sectors, with the amount advanced having no multiplied impact upon income. The multiplier relationship in (4.23) can be presented as a general model in which the multiplier/velocity is a parameter that can vary in value. From this perspective, the Graziani and single swap models represent a particularly narrow case in which the value of this parameter is restricted to 1. 

S. K. Kulshreshtha and R. Sasikala, Pd/Sn02 and Pt/Sn02 catalysts, spill over effects, Indian J. Chem. 33A, 115-119(1994). 

Spill-over effects that are likely to be expected when highly symbolic losses have repercussions on other fields such as financial markets or loss of credibility in management institutions. 

Core elements of chemical SCs considered in integrated planning approaches at the tactical/strategicaf level are capacities and parameters of the production systems and the logistical systems (e.g. turnover or inventory capacities). Since sites and plants are interconnected, local adjustments more or less immediately affect the remaining sites/-plants. Integrated approaches capture these spill-over effects by a combined modelling of the interdependent components. 

Tseung ACC, Chen KY. Hydrogen spill-over effect on PtAVOs anode catalysts. Catal Today 1997 38 439-43. 

A.C.C. Tseung, K.Y. Chen, 1997. Hydrogen spill-over effect on Pt/WOj anode catalysts. Catalysis Today, 38 439-443. 

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