Sphingolipids biosynthetic pathway

Constable, P. D., Smith, G. W., Rottinghaus, G. E., Tumbleson, M. E., and Haschek, W. M. (2003). Fumonisin-induced blockade of ceramide synthase in sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway alters aortic input impedance spectrum of pigs. Am. J. Phusiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 284(6), H2034 2044. 

In the second step of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, the carbonyl group of 3-ketosphinganine is reduced with NADPH to... 

Figure 8 Outline of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Natural and synthetic inhibitors of sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes are shown adjacent to the inverted T bars.

Acharya, U., Patel, S., Koundakjian, E., Nagashima, K., Han, X., and Acharya, J. K. Modulating sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway rescues photoreceptor degeneration. Science 299 (2003) 1740-1743. 

A protein that would be a logical interaction partner for SPT is 3-ketosphinganine reductase, which catalyzes the next step of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. The gene for this reductase has been identified in yeast (T. Beeler, 1998) and in mammals (FVTl) (A. Kihara, 2004), and the sequence has coil-coil motifs that might interact with a similar motifs on SPT. 

This volume has excellent reviews of biosynthetic pathways to glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, phospholipid transfer proteins, and bilayer assembly. 

Fig. 7. A biosynthetic pathway for dihydroceramide (DHCer) and ceramide (Cer) backbones of sphingolipids. Shown at top is the de novo biosynthesis of sphinganine (dl8 0) by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and...

Sphingolipid biosynthesis in P. ciferrii has been extensively studied for many years. An overview of the biosynthetic pathway is given in Figure 12.16. For a more detailed description, the reader is referred to the excellent work of... 

Many of the features of pathways for sphingolipid metabolism are reasonably well characterized and genes have been identified for many of the initial biosynthetic steps [20]. 

FICURE21.14 Partial metabolic pathway associated with sphingolipids. The number in the boxes eorresponds to the EC name for the biosynthetic enzyme responsible for the transformation. 

The substantial structural analogy between fumonisins, AAL-toxin, sphingosine, and related sphingolipids was recognized early in the studies on the toxins, and it has shaped people s ideas about mode of action and probable biosynthetic and metabolic pathways. 

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