Spermine/spermidine

Polyamine (Section 22.4) A compound that contains many amino groups. The term is usually applied to a group of naturally occurring substances, including spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, that are believed to be involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. 

Figure 31-4. Conversion of spermidine to spermine. Spermidine formed from putrescine (decarboxylated L-ornithine) by transfer of a propylamine moiety from...

Figure 9 summarizes the electrode responses toward a variety of DNA-binding substrates [14c]. For intercalators (quinacrine, acridine orange, and safranin) and groove binders (spermine and spermidine), a steep rise followed by a saturation of the concentration response curve is commonly observed. If one compares the specific concentration which gives a 50% response in the increment of the cathodic peak current (A/p ) for each substrate, a selectivity order of quinacrine acridine orange > spermine > spermidine > safranin can be estimated. The binding constants measured in aqueous media for the affinity reaction with ds DNA are as follows quinacrine, 1.5 x 10 (38 mM NaCl)... 

OCTs) tyramine, tryptamine, N-methylnico-tineamide (NMN), choline, spermine, spermidine quinine, d-tubocurarine, procanamide, dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, histamine, corticosterone, l-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), despramine... 

Kamei et al. [45] separated spermine, spermidine, putrescine, and cadav-erine in an ion-pair reversed-phase LC system and detected the hydrogen peroxide formed in the reaction catalyzed by the enzymes putrescine oxidase and polyamine oxidase with POCL. The same analytes were determined in a later study [46], together with the acetyl derivatives. The sensitive determination of uric acid, selectively converted to hydrogen peroxide by uricase, has been investigated by several authors [37, 47],... 

Later, Chu and Bjeldanes (53) showed that the binding histamine to mucin could be inhibited in vitro by spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, and a basic extract of tuna. The inhibition required relatively high amine concentrations, and the concentrated tuna extract exerted only a 23% inhibition of binding ( ). Each mole of intestinal mucin can bind 2.5 moles of histamine (53). 

Additives such as spermine, spermidine, Mg +, Ca +, 4. Pipette 0.5 or 1 ml of precipitant solution into the well. 

Figure 11.9 Schematic view of the experimental strategy for carrying out poly(Phe) synthesis in POPC liposomes, (i) Freeze-thaw (x 7) solution containing t-RNAP , poly(U), Phe, ATP, GTP, Mg(OAc)2, NH4CI, spermine, spermidine, phos-phoenolpyruvate. (ii) Soution containing pyruvate kinase, 100 000 g supernatant enzymes, 308 and SOS ribosomal subunits, (iii) 1. Free-thaw (x3) 2. Brief extrusion 3. Addition of EDTA (final concentration = 35 mM. (iv) Withdrawl of aliquots at indicated time and cold TCA precipitation. Analysis of the radioactivity remaining on the glass filter by p-scintillation counting. (Modified from Oberholzer et al, 1999.)...

Waters SP-8HR (strong cation exchange, 8 /r particles) Linear amines (spermine, spermidine, triethylene tetramine, diethylene triamine, tetraethylene pentamine) low molecular weight branched aromatic and nonaromatic dendrimers (e.g., PETMA4, DPE-TMA6, PE-DMABzCl4) rHu-BDNF (recombinant human brain-derived neurotrophic factor) 51... 

In addition to spermidine, spermine was isolated among the products of a KOH melt reaction and characterized as its tetraacetyl derivative [compare with (24)]. By an additional degradation of spermine, spermidine is formed. 

In fermented foods, the non-volatile or biogenic amines (histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine, agmatine, tyramine tryptamine) and phenylethylamine (a volatile amine) are formed mainly by the microbial decarboxylation of the corresponding amino acids (Ten Brink et al. 1990). Volatile amines are believed to be formed by the reductive amination or transamination of the corresponding aldehyde or ketone. 

Aminopropylation The transfer of decarboxylated SAMe is crucial to the synthesis of polyamines (spermine, spermidine, putresdne). Together with ornithine decarboxylase, SAMe determines the synthesis rate of polyamines, which are essential for cell regeneration. At 30 — 60 minutes, the half-fife of SAMe decarboxylase is very short and thus readily adaptable to various metabolic situations. 

Biogenic amines (BAs), as spermine, spermidine and cadaverine, are synthesized in several parts of the vine, such as berries, seeds and leaves, with growth-regulating roles, while histamine, tyramine and 1-methylhistamine can be present just in trace amounts (Adams et al., 1990 Radler and Fath, 1991 Geny et al., 1997 Nicolini et al., 2003). BAs were instead found in significant amounts in fermented foods and beverages, such as cheeses, beer and fish and meat products (Stratton et al., 1991 Shalaby, 1996). They were also found in wine, the most abundant being histamine, tyramine, putrescine and phenylethylamine (Radler and Fath, 1991 Lehtonen, 1996). 

Triethanolamine spermine, spermidine no information spray solution, 20% in 2-propanol, fluonmetnc evaluation after 16 h storage m vacuo [283]... 

The polyamines spermine, spermidine, and putrescine are endogenous regulators of proliferation, differentation, functional activation, and macro-molecular biosynthesis in all mammalian cells (Selmeci et al., 1985 Morgan,... 

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