Spencer Herbert

Spencer, Herbert (1820-1903), English philosopher who attempted to unify the biological and the social sciences by means of a generalized philosophical notion of evolution. 

The Reactivity Charts were prepared in collaboration with the following chemists, to whom we are most grateful John O. Albright, Dale L. Boger, Dr. Daniel J. Brunelle, Dr. David A. Clark, Dr. Jagabandhu Das, Herbert Estreicher, Anthony L. Feliu, Dr. Frank W. Hobbs, Jr., Paul B. Hopkins, Dr. Spencer Knapp, Dr. Pierre Lavallee, John Munroe, Jay W. Ponder, Marcus A. Tius, Dr. David R. Williams, and Robert E. Wolf, Jr. 

But I should wiselier have emphasized the fact that the very best men may use this drug, and many another, with benefit to themselves arid to humanity. Even as the Indians of whom l spoke above, they will use it only to accomplish some work which they could not do without it. I instance Herbert Spencer, who took morphine daily, never exceeding an appointed dose, Wilkie Collins, too, overcame the... 

There was scientific evidence that could be used against women s advancement, especially the theory of evolution. For example, the sociologist Herbert Spencer had concluded that the difference between the sexes could best be understood in terms of a somewhat earlier-arrest of individual evolution in women than men. 79 In fact, many scientists of the time had discovered proof in their research of women s intellectual inadequacies 80 and, of particular importance, Charles Darwin himself had found scientific evidence of female inferiority It is generally admitted that with women the powers of intuition, of rapid perception, and perhaps of imitation, are more strongly marked than in man but some, at least, of these faculties are characteristic of the lower races, and therefore of a past and lower state of civilization. 81... 

Elhott P (2003) Erasmus Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and the origins of the evolutionary worldview in British provincial scientific culture, 1770-1850. Isis 94 1-29. 

Mendel s 1866 paper on plant hybridization proposed a numerical, integral pattern ( N) for the distribution of hereditary qualities, a view contrasting strongly with Darwin s non-quantitative, infinitesimal variations. Mendel, in his paper, did not explore the nature of possible particle units that might account for his laws. Others before him, Maupertuis, Buffon, Diderot, and Herbert Spencer in his Principles of Biology of 1864 had propounded ideas of particulate inheritance. 

The FDA itself continues to come under fire from time to time, as in an article by James Bovard in the January 1995 issue of ibs American Spectator and his book Lost Rights The Destruction of American Liberty. There was an article by Peter Brimelow and Leslie Spencer in the February 13,1995, issue of Forbes. Some other works are Herbert Burkholz s The FDA Follies An Alarming Look at Our Food and... 

The mechanism that has prevented the senescence of life — indeed, propelled life s evolution — is natural selection. Darwin s idea is most commonly expressed in the phrase coined by the English philosopher Herbert Spencer the survival of the fittest. This phrase is often criticized by evolutionary biologists as misleading, as natural selection is concerned not with survival as such, but with reproduction. The individuals that reproduce themselves most successfully are most likely to pass on their genes to the next generation. Those that fail to reproduce perish (unless, of course, they live for ever). But if we step back for a moment, we can see that there is something to be said for Spencer s misrepresentation. Why on earth do individuals want to reproduce themselves at all Where does the reproductive imperative come from The way in which even simple viruses seem compelled to replicate themselves is uncanny. It is hard not to succumb to the idea of a mysterious life force, an urge to reproduce. If... 

Herbert Spencer has defined a law of Nature as a proposition stating that a certain uniformity has been observed in the relations between certain phenomena. In this sense a law of Nature expresses a mathematical relation between the phenomena under consideration. Every physical law, therefore, can be represented in the form of a mathematical equation. One of the chief objects of scientific investigation is to find out how one thing depends on another, and to express this relationship in the form of a mathematical equation—symbolic or otherwise—is the experimenter s ideal goal.1... 

From that day biologists have argued about a vital force . Herbert Spencer concluded that the theory of a vital principle fails and the physico-chemical theory also fails the corollary being that in its ultimate nature Life is incomprehensible . 

Herbert L, Smith IWM, Rowland D, Spencer-Smith RD. (1992) Rate constants for the elementary reactions between CN radicals and CH4, C2H6, C2H4, CsHe, and C2H2 in the range —295 < T/K < 700K. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 24 791-802. 

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903), a self-taught English philosopher and.sociologist, applied the biological idea of evolution to social development. He coined the term the survival of the fittest and his so-called Social Darwinism was applied to events within and between societies. Like Saint-Simon and Comte before him, Spencer had great faith in industrial progress and industrial societies. He associated them... 

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