Spectroscopic studies Fourier-transform

The secondary structure of the 33 kDa protein in solution has been examined by spectroscopic studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has indicated that the 33 kDa protein is composed predominandy of P structure " a conclusion reinforced by circular dichroism measurements in the UV region.The 33 kDa protein has been proposed to be either a natively... 

Some very important surface properties of solids can be properly characterized only by certain wet chemical techniques, some of which are currently under rapid improvement. Studies of adsorption from solution allow determination of the surface density of adsorbing sites, and the characterization of the surface forces involved (the energy of dispersion forces, the strength of acidic or basic sites and the surface density of coul-ombic charge). Adsorption studies can now be extended with some newer spectroscopic tools (Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, and solid NMR spectroscopy), as well as convenient modern versions of older techniques (Doppler electrophoresis, flow microcalorimetry, and automated ellipsometry). 

Formulae—See Equations Fourier-transform spectroscopic studies, spectra of Pu-240,... 

Rey, C., Renugopalakrishnan, V., Shimizu, M., Collins, B. and Glimcher, M.J. 1991 A resolution-enhanced Fourier transform spectroscopic study of the environment of the COj ion in the mineral phase of enamel during its formation and maturation. Calcified Tissue International 49 259-268. 

Spectroscopic techniques as 13C-NMR [28], ESR [29], pyrolysis-GC/MS, and pyrolysis-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) [30], x-ray diffraction [31], and SEM [32] techniques are also used to study mbber oxidation. 

Nicholson, J. W., Brookman, P. J., Lacy, O. M. Wilson, A. D. (1988b). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of the role of tartaric acid in glass-ionomer cements. Journal of Dental Research, 67, 145CM. 

Kirchner, M.T., Edwards, H. G. M., Lucy, D., and Pollard, A. M. (1997). Ancient and modern specimens of human teeth a Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 28 171-178. 

Spectroscopic techniques may provide the least ambiguous methods for verification of actual sorption mechanisms. Zeltner et al. (Chapter 8) have applied FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy and microcalorimetric titrations in a study of the adsorption of salicylic acid by goethite these techniques provide new information on the structure of organic acid complexes formed at the goethite-water interface. Ambe et al. (Chapter 19) present the results of an emission Mossbauer spectroscopic study of sorbed Co(II) and Sb(V). Although Mossbauer spectroscopy can only be used for a few chemical elements, the technique provides detailed information about the molecular bonding of sorbed species and may be used to differentiate between adsorption and surface precipitation. 

To put things into perspective, we. can broadly classify these analytical methods into bulk, dry surface, and in situ interfacial techniques. This chapter focuses on the last category, illustrating two in situ techniques used to study anion binding at the goethite (a-FeOOH)-water interface titration calorimetry and cylindrical internal reflection-Fourier transform infrared (CIR-FTIR) spectroscopy. In fact, CIR-FTIR could prove to be extremely powerful, since it allows direct spectroscopic observation of ions adsorbed at the mineral-water interface. 

Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic studies on SO-SA complexation provides information that may be complementary to that of NMR and other techniques, namely, in particular, on the involvement of functional groups in intermolecular and intramolecular interactions. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) IR spectroscopy has been used for the study of binding modes of cinchona alkaloid selectors either in solution [95] or in solid state [94], or directly on the CSP [96]. 

One of the initial spectroscopic methods applied to stationary-phase characterization was Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This originated from several important studies of phase conformational order in crystalline n-alkanes conducted in the late 1960s and early 1980s by Snyder, Maroncelli, and coworkers [111-114], In this work, assignments of C—H bond wagging modes were associated with chain... 

Grap, R.T., Koenig, J.L. and Ishida, H. (1985). Diffuse reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of chemical bonding and hydrothermal stability of an aminosilane on metal oxide surfaces. J. Adhesion 18, 93-110. 

Ishida, H., Koenig, J.L. (1978). Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic study of the silane coupling agent/porous silica interface. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 64, 555-564. 

The second approach is to perform traditional pre-formulational studies using full factorial or Plackett Burman experimental designs [15]. Here, the preferred analytical methodology tends to be thermal and spectroscopic, rather than chromatographic, although the latter methodologies are still utilised. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), isothermal calorimetry (ITC) or Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy have all been utilised successfully. 

Holmen, B.A. Tejedor-Tejedor, M.S. Casey, WA. (1997) Hydroxymate complexes in solution at the goethite/water interface. A. Cylindrical internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study. Langmuir 13 2197... 

The Nature of Adsorption Sites on Unrefined and Ball Milled Kaolin. A Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopic Study... 

Oxidation/reduction of Pb electrode has been studied using in situ spectroscopic techniques - Raman [114, 130-132], fourier transform infrared (FTIR) [133-135], Auger [136], and photocurrent spectroscopy [131, 137-141]. El-Kpsometric studies underlined nonuniform PbS04 film growth a dissolution-precipitation mechanism with nucleation and three-dimensional growth has been proposed as a result of large oversaturation of Pb(II) ionic species [142]... 

Vogt, R., and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, A Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopic (DRIFTS) Study of the Surface Reaction of NaCI with Gaseous N02 and UNO, J. Phys. Chem., 98, 3747-3755 (1994) J. Phys. Chem., 99, 13052 (1995). 

Chen, J., V. Young, T. Zhu, and H. Niki, Long Path Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Study of the Reactions of CF,00 and CF,0 Radicals with N02, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 11696-11698 (1993a). 

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