Specific surface Gibbs free energy defined

The formalism described above allows evaluation of the Gibbs free energy difference between specific structural states of the protein and the reference state, which is taken to be the native structure. The formalism requires access to the crystallographic structure of the protein under study so that, for each structurally defined state, the difference in hydrogen bonds, exposure of polar and apolar surfaces,... 

In this chapter, the fundamental concepts of colloid science have been introduced. The definition of colloidal particles, those with sizes (in all directions) ranging from 1 nm to 10 pm, has been presented, and their relevance in soil science is stated. The importance of surface properties was remarked, introducing several definitions. The specific surface area is the area per unit mass the surface tension (or surface free energy) is defined as the Gibbs free energy per unit area. The surface excess of a given species is the amount (in moles per unit area) which is accumulated... 

The equilibrium form of a crystal is defined as that possessing the minimal total surface free energy, d> = X Sispecific surface energies and the surface areas of the respective crystallographic faces. This definition goes back to Gibbs and Curie. 

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