Species classification

If the ir - 77 transition leads to a non-planar structure the first excited electron configuration (31), in which the excited states are labelled by the D2h species classification,... 

Fowl species Classification Content of other elements (%) Down/feather composition... 

The evolution of species classification for the genus Saccharomyces since the early 1950s... 

The point of this discussion is to emphasize the reality of the data used for our prototype in terms of the kinds of features available for species classification in spiders and to bring attention to the kinds of issues that are certainly not unique to spiders, such as intraspecific variation and specimen damage, with which any automated identification system will have to contend. 

Tilia Confusion Matrix 19 Species - Classification Unchanged ... 

Figure 1. Chemical relationships within the chlorite series according to Hallimond [1939]. The species classification of Orcel [1927] is shown at the left and of Tschermak [1891] at the right. From Mineral, Mag, 25 454 (1939).

Analogous to the classification of Lewis acids and bases in hard and soft species, Ahrland et al. have su ested a division of donors and acceptors into classes a and 6. See Ahrland, S. Chatt, J. Davies, N.R. Quart. Rev. 1958, 77, 265... 

Parasiticides can be roughly divided according to parasites, host species, or chemical classification (see Antiparasitic agents—anthelmintics Antiparasitic AGENTS—ANTiPROTOZOALs). By any classification, these are ubiquitous in the management and control of parasites of both companion and food-producing animals (2,3). 

The hydrides of the later main-group elements present few problems of classification and are best discussed during the detailed treatment of the individual elements. Many of these hydrides are covalent, molecular species, though association via H bonding sometimes occurs, as already noted (p. 53). Catenation flourishes in Group 14 and the complexities of the boron hydrides merit special attention (p. 151). The hydrides of aluminium, gallium, zinc (and beryllium) tend to be more extensively associated via M-H-M bonds, but their characterization and detailed structural elucidation has proved extremely difficult. 

Structural classifications of oxides recognize discrete molecular species and structures which are polymeric in one or more dimensions leading to chains, layers, and ultimately, to three-dimensional networks. Some typical examples are in Table 14.14 structural details are given elsewhere under each individual element. The type of structure adopted in any particular case depends (obviously) not only on the... 

For electrolytes where dissociation is extensive, but not complete, the classification is somewhat arbitrary, and the electrolyte can be considered to be either strong or weak. Thermodynamics does not prevent us from treating an electrolyte either way, but we must be careful to designate our assignment because the choice of standard state is different for a strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte. Assuming that an electrolyte is weak requires that we have some nonthermodynamic procedure for distinguishing clearly between the dissociated and undissociated species. For example, Raman spectroscopy... 

What Do We Need to Know Already This chapter draws on many of the principles introduced in the preceding chapters. In particular, it makes use of the electron configurations of atoms and ions (Sections 1.13 and 2.1) and the classification of species as Lewis acids and bases (Section 10.2). Molecular orbital theory (Sections 3.8 through 3.12) plays an important role in Section 16.12. 

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