Damaged specimens

ICENHOWER, J. P., STRACHAN, D. M., LlNDBERG, M. M., Rodriquez, E. A. Steele, J. L. 2003. Dissolution Kinetics of Titanate-Based Ceramic Waste Forms Results from Single-Pass Flow Tests on Radiation Damaged Specimens. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Report No. PNNL-14252. 

Alumina (Coors AD-85) were impacted at velocities up to 14.0 m/s. Those specimens impacted above 12.2 m/s failed by complete spall during the second cycle of tension, and possibly due to cumulative damage. Specimens... 

Pneumatic tube systems provide rapid specimen transportation and are quite rehable when installed as point-to-point services. However, when switching mechanisms are introduced to allow carriers to be sent to various locations, additional mechanical problems may arise and cause carriers to be misrouted. Although pneumatic tubes have been reported to damage specimens because of rapid acceleration or deed-... 

Severely damaged specimens A and C had a common feature without regard -o.oooz to the heating method. Pinhole-like dam- m age was also observed in the case of specimens A and C as in the case of specimen B. From these observations, it is speculated that corrosion was initiated with the pinhole-like damage on the SiC layer. 

In similarly prepared specimens, which appear to be damaged (such as the lower curve for monolithic NbaSn in Easton and Schwall [ ] or the curve for specimen 1 in Ekin [% a peak critical current did not exist. If it is assumed, however, that these damaged specimens had a tensile prestrain in them, they appear as a logical extension of the curve in Fig. 9, with their Ic starting at a degraded value on the tensile side of the abscissa. 

A damaged specimen has a higher stable temperature level than an undamaged one, if a constant damage state is reached [27]. 

Visible damages can be found for specimens with a fiber orientation of 90° and —45°, while the surface for 0° and +45° appears to be very consistent and nearly free of cracks or other damages. Specimens with 90° fiber orientation are showing cracks extending frequently from the milled surface at an angle of 18° into the material at intervals of about 200 pm. These cracks are caused by the brittle material behavior... 

The load-lateral displacement curves at midheight (transducer D2) are shown in Figure 8.12, while Figure 8.13 shows the displacements along the height (transducers D1-D3) at ultimate load. Unlike the reference specimen, the fire damaged specimen exhibited a pronounced nonlinear behavior with maximum lateral displacements at ultimate load of 16-20 times the displacement of the reference specimen. The displacements occurred in the opposite direction from the previous fire side. 

The pseudodynamic test of this specimen was interrupted at about 5.5 s. The damaged specimen was subjected to a full-duration pseudo-dynamic test, exhibiting softer response than specimens no. 1 or 2. 

A good example of a cracked, beam damaged specimen is the surface of a POM molding, shown by SEI in Fig. 4.27. The molded surface has a production related scratch mark and several particulate pock marks (Fig. 4.27A). Seconds... 

---