Sorter

Cell sorter. Cells labeled with fluorescein-conjugated antibody can be separated using a fluorometric preparative apparatus ( cell sorter ) (Hullett et al., 1969). The cell suspension is forced under pressure through a micronozzle which is vibrated, breaking the jet into 40000 droplets per sec. The droplets pass through a laser beam and if a fluorescent cell is present in a droplet, it will be charged and in an electrostatic field deflected into one container, while uncharged droplets are collected in another container. 

Julius et al. (1972) have described experiments in which cells from KLH-primed mice were stained with fluorescein-conjugated KLH and separated with the sorter. Marked enrichment of stained cells was obtained in deflected fractions. 

In one experiment, where 1.2% fluorescent cells were present in the unseparated cell suspension, the separation procedure enriched in the deflected fraction the percentage of fluorescent cells to 70% and depleted in undeflected fraction to 0.2%. The adoptive transfer experiment showed that 3 X 10 unseparated cells gave an anti-KLH titer 4.6(log2), 3 X 10 undeflected fraction gave a barely detectable response, titer 1 (logg), and 5 X 10 deflected cells mixed with 90X10 thymus cells yield an anti-KLH-titer 2.3 (thymus cells alone gave no response). 

The great advantage of the cell-sorter separation technique is that both enriched and depleted fractions can be used for functional studies. When the separation methodology is refined further, it should be possible to use cells from unprimed animals in order to investigate the primary response. 

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The war itself also drove the development of improved and miniaturised electronic components for creating oscillators and amplifiers and, ultimately, semiconductors, which made practical the electronic systems needed in portable eddy current test instruments. The refinement of those systems continues to the present day and advances continue to be triggered by performance improvements of components and systems. In the same way that today s pocket calculator outperforms the large, hot room full of intercormected thermionic valves that I first saw in the 50 s, so it is with eddy current instrumentation. Today s handheld eddy current inspection instrument is a powerful tool which has the capability needed in a crack detector, corrosion detector, metal sorter, conductivity meter, coating thickness meter and so on. 

However, separation between resistance levels of 1000 to 300 kH may be marginal. A typical application of conductivity sorting is the separation of massive ilmenite from anorthosite. Both are compact rocks, but ilmenite is a good electrical conductor, whereas anorthosite is an insulator. The dimensions and operating information for the Sor-tex CS-03 conductivity sorter, which is capable of processing up to about 25,000 kg/h (27.5 tons/h) of 0.05-to 0.15-in mesh size (2 to 6 in), are given in Table 19-4. 

Slchter, m. sifter, sorter, separator, fiichthch, a. visible evident. Slchtschmierapparat, m. sight-feed lubricator. Sichtung,/. sifting, etc. (see sichten). fiicilianifich, a. Sicihan. 

Sortier maschme, /. sorting machine, sorter, sieb, n. sorting sieve, -trommel, /. sorting drum. 

Trieur, m. sorter, separator, classifier, trifft, pr. S aing. (of treflfen) hits, strikes, etc. Trift,/. drift pasture drove, herd, triften, v.i. drift, fioat. 

FACS Flow activated cell sorter factor B Serine protease in the C3 converting enzyme of the alternative pathway... 

Clarity is defined as the state or quality of being clear or transparent to the eye. Clarity is a relative term subject to the visual acuity, training, and experience of the sorter. Clarity specifications are not given in the USP, other than to state that all injections be subjected to visual inspection. 

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