Sophorolipids sophorose

Sophorolipids (SLs) are extracellular glycolipids that are normally synthesized from glucose and a fatty acid source (either FFA or triacylglycerol) by a number of yeasts (primarily Candida bombicola). They are composed of a disaccharide (sophorose 2-O-P-D-glucopyranosyl-p-D glucopyranose) attached to a hydroxy fatty acyl moiety at the co-1 or co carbon (Fig. 7.5). Typi-... 

In classical sophorolipids known since 1961, a sophorose unit is linked glycosidically to a hydroxyl fatty acid residue, as shown in Fig. 2. The C17 carbon atom of the 17-hydroxy-octadecenoic acid moiety has been determined to be 5-configurated. 

Diacetylated lactonic sophorolipids have both esteric and glycosidic bonds which exhibit different sensitivities to either acid or alkaline hydrolysis. The latter will only hydrolyse the esters whereas acid hydrolysis at first cleaves the esters and, under more harsh reaction conditions, removes the sophorose moiety to yield a hydroxy fatty acid. In performing alkaline hydrolysis, the gradual removal of the esters transforms the solid... 

---