Solvents in Printing Inks

Aniline is an aromatic amine used in the manufacture of dyes, dye intermediates, rubber accelerators, and antioxidants. It has also been used as a solvent, in printing inks, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, photographic developers, plastics, isocyanates, hydroquinones, herbicides, fungicides, and ion-exchange resins. It is produced commercially by catalytic vapor phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene (Benya and Cornish 1994 HSDB 1996). Production of aniline oil was listed at approximately 1 billion pounds in 1993 (U.S. ITC 1994). Chemical and physical properties are listed in Table 1-2. 

B. Spills cause acute high-dose exposures. The symptoms are referable to an acute high exposure to an organochlorine or pyrethroid insecticide. While organochlorine pesticides are not used in this country, they are manufactured for export. An acute high exposure to herbicide would be primarily irritation of skin and mucous membranes. The solvents in printing ink would cause CNS depression. 

Use Insect repellent, cosmetics, vehicle and solvent in printing inks, medicine, chelating agent for boric acid. 

Printing Rolls - Maintains durometer resists solvents in printing inks and cleaning solutions permits accurate embossing. 

N.N-Dimethylformamide [68-12-2] (DMF) [14.276] is miscible with water and organic solvents except aliphatic hydrocarbons. It is a good high-boiling solvent for cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, poly(vinyl chloride), vinyl chloride copolymers, poly(vinyl acetate), polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, chlorinated rubber, polyacrylates, ketone resins, and phenolic resins. Alkyd resins and resin esters are partially soluble. Dimethylformamide does not dissolve polyethylene, polypropylene, urea-formaldehyde resins, rubber, and polyamides. It is used as a solvent in printing inks, for polyacrylonitrile spinning solutions [14.277], and as a solvent in the synthesis of acetylene. 

This very high-boiling glycol ester is used primarily as a solvent in printing inks and high-bake enamels, and os a coalescing aid in latex paints. The very slaw evaporation rate and the limited water solubility of this solvent are especially applicable in silk screen inks and as a component in polystyrene coatings for decals. Also it is a selective solvent in the separation of alcohols ond ketones by distillation. 

Alcohols, ketones, acetates, and hydrocarbons are used as the principal solvents in printing inks while the glycol ethers are used as tailing solvents to control evaporation rates [14]. The glycol ethers PM and DPM are effective in gravure and flexographic inks while the two acetates PMA and DPMA are useful in silk screen inks. 

Eihyl-l-buianol, b.p. 147 "C, is used in synthesis and as a solvent for printing inks and surface coatings. 

Spkit Blue [2152-64-9] Cl Solvent Blue 23 (Cl 42760), is one of the few dyes sulfonated as the leuco base. The degree of sulfonation depends on the conditions. Monosulfonated derivatives, commonly referred to as alkaU blues, eg. Cl Acid Blue 119 [1324-76-17, are used as thek barium or calcium salts in printing inks. Disulfonated compounds, eg. Cl Acid Blue 48 [1324-77-2] are employed as thek sodium or ammonium salts for blueing paper, whereas the trisulfonic derivatives or ink blues, eg. Cl Acid Blue 93 [28983-56A] are used in writing inks (qv). 

Vegetable oil-based inks today offered in Germany are mainly for the heatset printing colours cyan, magenta, yellow and to a lesser extent black. The use of fatty acid alkyl esters as high-boiling solvents in offset inks as substitution of mineral oils is also practised [23]. 

These pigments are obtained by coupling substituted aryl diazonium salts with ary-lides of 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid (2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid anilide = Naph-tol AS). They provide a broad range of colors from yellowish and medium red to bordeaux, carmine, brown, and violet their solvent fastness and migration resistance are only marginal. Naphthol AS pigments are used mainly in printing inks and paints. 

This pigment has little impact on the market today and is only occasionally found in printing inks or in office articles, for instance in colored pencils. Its shade is more reddish and its tinctorial strength superior to that of P.Y.l. The low specific surface area of the types which are still commercially available makes for good hiding in print. Solvent resistance and other fastness properties equal those of P.Y.l P.Y.2 is only slightly less lightfast than P.Y.l. 

P.Y.l 16 generally exhibits good fastness properties in printing inks. In letter-press and offset application, for instance, it resists a number of organic solvents, such as the standard DIN 16524/1 solvent mixture (Sec. 1.6.2.1), paraffins, butter,... 

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