Solution relationships

Belyakova, L.E., Antipova, A.S., Semenova, M.G., Dickinson, E., Matia-Merino, L., Tsapkina, E.N. (2003). Effect of sucrose on molecular and interaction parameters of sodium caseinate in aqueous solution relationship to protein gelation. Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, 31, 31 46. 

Light scattering study of sodium caseinate + dextran sulfate in aqueous solution relationship to emulsion stability. FoodHydrocolloids, 23, 629-639. 

Our treatment of basic principles of water-solute relationships involves a bottom-up approach that begins with a basic physical-chemical analysis of how fundamental water solute interactions have set many of the boundary conditions for the evolution of life. We discuss how the properties of macromolecules and micromolecules alike reflect selection based on such fundamental criteria as the differential solubilities of different organic and inorganic solutes in water, and the effects that these solutes in turn have on water structure these are two closely related issues of vast importance in cellular evolution. With these basic features of water-solute interactions established, we will then be in a position to appreciate more fully why regulation of cellular volume and the composition of the internal milieu demands such precision. We then can move upwards on the reductionist ladder to consider the physiological mechanisms that have evolved to enable cells to defend the appropriate solutions conditions that are fit for the functions of macromolecular systems. This multitiered analysis is intended to help provide answers to three primary questions about the evolution and regulation of the internal milieu ... 

A Necessary Digression Terminology and Definitions Associated with Water-Solute Relationships... 

FIG. 9.17 Poly(acrylic acid) solutions. Relationship between K and a. 

The value of total pressure predicted by the ideal-solution relationship (8.16) differs considerably from the values provided by other approaches. 

In the following developments, it is supposed that thermal equilibrium exists at the vapor-liquid interface at steady state. That is, the limiting temperature T of the vapor as the interface is approached from the vapor side is equal to the limiting temperature T of the liquid as the interface is approached from the liquid side of the interface. In the interest of simplicity, the enthalpies of the mixtures are assumed to obey the ideal solution relationships. 

A numerical method for the calculation of retention under complex gradient HPLC elution conditions Is presented. The approach Is applicable to virtually any gradient or solvent-solute relationship. 

D.I. Freedberg, R. Ishima, J. Jacob, Y.-X. Wang, I. Kustanovich, J.M. Louis, DA. Torchia, Rapid structural fluctuations of the free HIV protease flaps in solution relationship to crystal structures and comparison with predictions of dynamics calculations, Protein Sci. 11 (2002) 221—232. 

Solid solution relationship SERIES Having a fixed, ordered internal structure SPECIES... 

The viscosity of a polymer solution is related to the size and extension of the polymer molecule in that particular solution larger molecular species are generally associated with higher solution viscosities. In this section, the issue of the molecular size of the polymer is discussed mainly in the light of viscosity-related properties of the polymer solution. Relationships are developed that apply to both random coil molecules, such as HPAM, and more rigid macromolecules like xanthan. A number of other quantities are related to viscosity these include the relative viscosity, specific viscosity, reduced viscosity and inherent viscosity, which are defined in Table 3.1. (Billmeyer, 1971 Rodriguez, 1983). Clearly, all of these quantities are related to the polymer concentration in solution, and a more fundamental quantity which will be defined is the intrinsic viscosity, [ ]. The intrinsic viscosity is the limit of the reduced viscosity or inherent viscosity as the solution concentration of polymer tends to zero as shown below. 

Rheological Properties of Viscoelastic Surfactant Solutions Relationship with Micelle Dynamics... 

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