Solution chemistry, lanthanides

Choppin, G. R. 1983. Comparison of the solution chemistry of the actinides and the lanthanides. Journal of the Less-Common Metals, 93, 232-330. 

Group 3 of the Periodic Table consists of the elements scandium, yttrium and either lanthanum or lutetium, depending upon the preferred arrangement of the Table. Group 3 elements have the outer electronic configuration ns2 p, and invariably their solution chemistry is that of the + 3 state. In this text, treatment of both La and Lu is carried out in Chapter 8, which deals with the f-block elements. Lanthanum and lutetium represent the first and last members of the lanthanide series. 

Lanthanides, which account for about one-third of the fission products, are strong neutron-absorbing elements and predominantly exist as trivalent cations in acidic aqueous solutions the solution chemistry of transplutonium elements (TPEs) thus, resembles that of lanthanides (28-31). 

Since the 1960s, considerable efforts have been devoted worldwide to develop viable An(III)/Ln(III) separation systems, either by liquid-liquid extraction, precipitation, or ion-exchange chromatography. These systems have been regularly reported in comprehensive reviews covering various issues of actinide and lanthanide separations, such as the basics of actinide solution chemistry in aqueous/... 

Wai, C. M. (1997) Separation of lanthanides and actinides with ionizable crown ethers, Recent Progress in Actinides Separation Chemistry, Proceedings of the Workshop on Actinides Solution Chemistry, WASC 94, Tokai, Japan, Sept. 1-2, 1994, 81-94. 

LANTHANIDE AND ACTINIDE SOLUTION CHEMISTRY AS STUDIED BY TIME-RESOLVED EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY... 

This chapter deals with experimental TRES results and theoretical approaches that are relevant to the question of lanthanides and actinides solution chemistry. In this sense, this chapter... 

Finally, it is understood that the reader is aware of the basic principles of solution chemistry of lanthanides and actinides. Besides all the information published in the previous issues of this Handbook for lanthanides, excellent reviews exist on these topics, either on a general (Katz et al., 1986 Biinzli and Choppin, 1989 Grenthe, 1992 Choppin, 1997 Biinzli, 1998) or an historical perspective (Morss and Fuger, 1992). 

This volume of the Handbook illustrates the rich variety of topics covered by rare earth science. Three chapters are devoted to the description of solid state compounds skutteru-dites (Chapter 211), rare earth-antimony systems (Chapter 212), and rare earth-manganese perovskites (Chapter 214). Two other reviews deal with solid state properties one contribution includes information on existing thermodynamic data of lanthanide trihalides (Chapter 213) while the other one describes optical properties of rare earth compounds under pressure (Chapter 217). Finally, two chapters focus on solution chemistry. The state of the art in unraveling solution structure of lanthanide-containing coordination compounds by paramagnetic nuclear magnetic resonance is outlined in Chapter 215. The potential of time-resolved, laser-induced emission spectroscopy for the analysis of lanthanide and actinide solutions is presented and critically discussed in Chapter 216. 

Lanthanide and Actinide Solution Chemistry Studied by Time-Resolved Emission... 

Lanthanide and actinide solution chemistry as studied by time-resolved emission spectroscopy 465... 

G.R. Choppin and E.N. Rizkalla, Solution chemistry of actinides and lanthanides 559... 

Oxyanions form both inner- and outer-sphere complexes in aqueous solutions with lanthanide ions but the number of genuine solid complexes is small. The structures of some nitrato complexes has been elucidated in Chapter 5 dealing with structural chemistry of lanthanide complexes. 

---