Solid symbol for

Fig. 4.19. Fiber pull-out stress as a function of embedded fiber length, /./2a, for a tungsten wire embedded copper matrix composite system. Open symbols for pulled-out specimens solid symbols for fractured specimens. After Kelly and Tyson (1965).

Figure 10.35. (a) Nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K on zircoma gel ARZr3 outgassed at 25°C and 200°C (closed circles for desorption) (b) Water sorption isotherms on same gel outgassed at 25°C Three successive runs Runs 1, 2 and 3 start at points A, B and C, respectively D is the final desorption point of run 3 (solid symbols for desorption) (Gimblett et al, 1981)... 

Fig. 8. Spin-lattice (1/7)) and spin-spin relaxation rates (l/72) as typically found in supercooled liquids 31P NMR data at two Larmor frequencies, 47 MHz (open symbols) and 121 MHz (solid symbols), for m-TCP. (Adapted from Ref. 42.)...

From the measured data of four Afferent pitch samples, we can use peak emission wavelength at each emission angle to calculate its dispersion curve by Eq. (1). Figure 16.17 shows the plots with solid symbols for m = -1 and A= 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm and 800 nm on the left, respectively. These results are compared to the theoretical dispersion relation of SP-grating coupler at Au / mr interface (Ksp(Au / air)) with m = 1, which are the denser lines on the right-hand side of the light line in vacuum. It results in a linear shifting of momentum (AK) of about 4.79 im per 100 nm pitch size. 

Figure 3.9 Sorption isotherms of parathion (squares) and lindane (circles) as single and binary solutes from water on Woodburn soil fom = 0.019) at 20°C. Open symbols are for single solute data and solid symbols for binary-solute data. [Reproduced from C. T. Chiou, T. D. Shoup, and P. E. Porter, Mechanistic roles of soil humus and minerals in the sorption of nonionic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions , Org. Geochem., 8, 9, Copyright 1985, with permission from Elsevier.]...

Fig. 14 Temperature dependence of relaxation rate F open symbols) and liaction Af Q) of the fast process solid symbols) for bulk PS and thin films of 1,000 and 400 A...

FIGURE 2.3 HTS test results of the Fe/Ni metal oxide catalysts under LNG reformate condition (solid symbols for CO conversion and open ones for CH4 concentration) / = 2, H2 (56.7 vol%), CO (10vol%), CO2 (6.7vol%) and H2O (26.7 vol%) temperature=400 °C WHSV = 25,OOOml (gcat h) - (Taken from Figure 6 ofint. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 (2011 8173-8180.)... 

Figure 20. Van t HofF diagrams, ln(l/PH2o) versus VT, at various hydration levels derived from Fig. 19. Phosphoric acid data are from Ref. 101. All data correspond to 100% H3PO4 concentration both in the membrane and in free H3PO4 solution of Ref 101 Solid symbols for Copolymer IIso, open symbols for liquid H3PO4 and crossed open symbols for PBI/PPy(50)PSF.

Solid symbols for contact number 12 L Open symbols for porosity... 

Fig. VI-6. The force between two crossed cylinders coated with mica and carrying adsorbed bilayers of phosphatidylcholine lipids at 22°C. The solid symbols are for 1.2 mM salt while the open circles are for 10.9 roM salt. The solid curves are the DLVO theoretical calculations. The inset shows the effect of the van der Waals force at small separations the Hamaker constant is estimated from this to be 7 1 x 10 erg. In the absence of salt there is no double-layer force and the adhesive force is -1.0 mN/m. (From Ref. 66.)...

Fig. XVII-27. Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K for a series of M41S materials. Average pore diameters squares, 25 A triangles, 40 A circles, 45 A. Adsorption solid symbols desorption open symbols. The isotherms are normalized to the volume adsorbed at Pj = 0.9. (From Ref. 187. Reprinted with kind permission from Elsevier Science-NL, Sara Burgerhartstraat 25, 1055 KV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.)...

Figure 2.6. Hammett plots for the equilibrium constant of binding of 2.4 to Co, NL, Cu and (open symbols), and for the rate constants of reaction of the metal-ion - 2.4 complex with 2.5 (solid symbols).

Fig. 3.2 Adsorption isotherms for argon and nitrogen at 78 K and for n-butane at 273 K on porous glass No. 3. Open symbols, adsorption solid symbols, desorption (courtesy Emmett and Cines). The uptake at saturation (calculate as volume of liquid) was as follows argon at 78 K, 00452 nitrogen at 78 K, 00455 butane at 273 K, 00434cm g .

Fig. 4J2 Adsorption isotherms of carbon tetrachloride (at 298 K) on ammonium phosphotungstate compact, (1) before, (2) after preadsorption of n-nonane. (3) is the isotherm of nitrogen, after preadsorption, for reference. Open symbols, adsorption solid symbols,...

Fig. 2. The master graph of reversible capacity for lithium plotted versus heat treatment temperature for a variety of carbon samples. The three regions of commereial relevance are marked. Solid symbols are data for soft carbons, open symbols are data for hard carbons.

Figure 5. (a) The ( A, SO,) anion symmetric streching mode of polypropylene glycol)- LiCF,SO, for 0 M ratios of 2000 1 and 6 1. Solid symbols represent experimental data after subtraction of the spectrum corre-ponding to the pure polymer. Solid curves represent a three-component fit. Broken curves represent the individual fitted components, (b) Relative Raman intensities of the fitted profiles for the ( Aj, SO,) anion mode for this system, plotted against square root of the salt concentration, solvated ions ion pairs , triple ions, (c) The molar conductivity of the same system at 293 K. Adapted from A. Ferry, P. Jacobsson, L. M. Torell, Electrnchim. Acta 1995, 40, 2369 and F. M. Gray, Solid State Ionics 1990, 40/41, 637. 

FIG. 14 Comparison of total pressure between two charged surfaces in 1 1, 2 1, and 2 2 electrolytes. The open squares, up-triangles, and down-triangles are results of 1 1, 2 1, and 2 2, respectively, for the SPM model of 0.3 packing fraction. The corresponding solid symbols are for the RPM model. 

Figure 7. Experimental data (symbols) for TNB s viscosity [78] superimposed on the results of the fitting procedure (line) from Lubchenko and Wolynes [47] are shown. Ta is diown by a tickmark. (TNB = trinaphthyl benzene). The temperature Ter signifies a crossover from activated to collisional viscosity, dominant at the lower and higher temperatures, respectively (see text). The temperature is varied between the boiling point and the glass transition. The right-hand side panel depicts the temperature dependence of the length scales of cooperative motions in the liquid. The thick solid and dashed lines are the critical radius and the cooperativity length respectively. Taken from Ref. [47] with permission.

Whether you recdize it or not, we have already developed our own symbolism for defects and defect reactions based on the Plane Net. It might be well to compeu e our system to those of other authors, who have also considered the same problem in the past. It was Rees (1930) who wrote the first monograph on defects in solids. Rees used a box to represent the cation vacancy, as did Libowitz (1974). This has certain advantages since we can write equation 3.3.5. as shown in the following ... 

Figure 13. Specific 2-CP (open symbols) and 2,4-DCP (solid symbols) hydrodechlorination rate constant K) as a function of the average Ni particle diameter ( nO for reaction over Ni catalysts prepared via impregnation with nitrate (0,0), deposition-precipitation (A,A) and impregnation with nickel ethanediamine ( , ) r= 423K reaction data refer to aqueous solutions. (Reprinted from Reference [147], 2003, with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry).

FIG. 4 Relationship between the final AOT and protein amounts in the solid phase for several different experiments, using a w/o-ME extractant of 50 or 100 mM AOT (unifilled and filled symbols, respectively), Wg = 20. Proteins (upward-pointing triangles) bovine serum albumin (downward-pointing triangles) a -ch5miotrypsin (diamonds) lysozyme. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 58.)... 

Fig. 20. Dynamic moduli, G (open symbols) and G" (filled symbols), for five partially crosslinked PDMS samples at different extents of reactions (same data as Fig. 2). Gr curves downward for the liquid and curves to the left for the solid. The straight lines belong to the sample which is very close to the gel point, t — tc is given in minutes...

Figure 8.47. SRSAXS raw data (open symbols) and model fit (solid line) for a nano structured material using a finite lattice model. The model components are demonstrated absorption factor Asr, density fluctuation background Ipu smooth phase transition/. The solid monotonous line demonstrates the shape of the Porod law in the raw data. At sq the absorption is switching from fully illuminated sample to partial illumination of the sample...

Fig. 26. Compensation effect plots for C2H, oxidation over Pd-Rh alloy films (O) and Pd-Ag alloy films (A) pure metals are indicated by solid symbols (73).

Fig. 34. Comparison of radial temperature profiles for WS packed with full cylinders, with and without heat sinks solid symbols are for temperatures averaged over fluid and solid, open symbols for temperatures averaged over fluid alone.

Fig. 24.5. Saturation indices of gaylussite ( , ) and aragonite (o, ) calculated for Mono Lake water in various years from analyses in Table 24.2. Open symbols ( , o) represent values calculated for 0 °C and solid symbols ( , ) show those for 25 °C.

Fig. 6.1 (a) in vitro GTN tolerance and CHF 2363 CHF 2363 on mean arterial pressure peak cross-tolerance concentration-response curves effect induced on mean arterial pressure (MAP) for relaxation of noradrenaline-contracted rat by intravenous infusion of CHF 2363 (open aortic strips by GTN (O) and CHF 2363 (A) columns) and IS-5-MN (cross-hatched before (open symbols) and after (solid symbols) columns) in the anaesthetised rat. Adapted 90min exposure to 550pM GTN. (b) Effect of from Ref. [37] with permission. 

Fig. 18. Temperature dependence of observed (symbols) and calculated (lines) values of 7). Observed (open circle) and calculated (dotted line) for PBLG-Kd, and observed (filled circle) and calculated (solid line) for PBLG-fd2. Reproduced with permission from the society of Polymer Science, Japan.

Figure 3. The quasiparticle fit (solid line) of the lattice data [9] (open symbols) for the pressure in QCD with Nj = 2 light flavors. The full symbols, representing data with large quark masses, agree with the results for the pure SU(3) plasma (hatched band) for details see [10].

V, Mo), etc. are short symbols for indicating solid solution phases based on Pt, Ag, etc. 

FIGURE 30. Plot of FOS (ppm) for vinyl-F labels at several locations on the chain of the retinyl chromophore in the ( ) 11-cA, dashed line, (A) 9-cis, solid line, and (o) 9,11-di-as configurations. Where appropriate, the averaged FOS values from mono- and dilabeled analogs were used for connecting lines. Solid symbols are for CF3. Reprinted with permission from Reference 48. Copyright (1996) American Chemical Society... 

Figure 6.10 Frequency-dependent phase shifts and demodulations (bottom panel) for IR-I44 (open symbols) and DOTCI (solid symbols), together with the best single exponential lit to each dataset. The residuals for the 1R-144 data set are depicted in the upper panel. Reproduced from Ref. 25 with permission.

In Fig. 4 we present the energies and matrix elements for the first three excited states and in Fig. 5 we show the contributions of the five lowest excited states to the electronic contribution of the vibrational g factor, equation (3). The terms with n = 1, 2, 3 in equation (3) are displayed with hollow symbols, whereas the solid symbols and lines are the result of summation over n from 1 to 2, from 1 to 3, from 1 to 5 and all n in equation (3). According to Fig. 4 the energy of the first three excited states exhibits no atypical behaviour, but that the NACME to the first... 

Fig. 16. Temperature dependence of first spectral moment Afi for H NMR spectra of d62-DPPC (solid symbols) and d62-DPPC with 28.5 mol% cholesterol (open symbols) at ambient pressure (O), 1000 bar (O) and 2100 bar (A) (after Ref. 55).

---