Solids retaining separators

Solids-retaining separators (Fig. 2) are batch centrifuges. They are generally larger in diameter than tubular bowls. Therefore, they are large enough to contain a disk stack but are dependent on at least partial disassembly for manual removal of solids. The larger... 

Filtration is the separation of undissoived particulate solids from a mixture of fluid and solid. The separation is brought about by passage of the fluid thru a pervious septum (filter medium) in or on which the solids are retained. A driving force (gravity, vacuum, pressure, or centrifugal force) produces the flow. Filter aids may be added to the fluid before filtering to counterbalance the unfavorable characteristics of badly filtering materials... 

Disk stack separators are vertical bowl centrifuges that are characterized by the presence of a nested conical stack of disks. The centrifuges are usually categorized by the method of solid removal from the bowl and include solids-retaining, solids-ejecting, and nozzle-discharge units. The feed enters the bowl at... 

Fig. 2 Solids-retaining disk stack separator. (View this art in color at www.dekker.com.)...

The term in dJ/dt has been retained, since it is needed routinely in, for example, the modelling of solids-liquid separation centrifuges and it may be needed to model other rotating components in fault situations where change of geometry is possible. 

The liquid containing the suspension of solid particles to be separated is called the slurry, and the clear liquor obtained by the separation, the filtrate. The wet solid retained by the filter medium is known as the filter cake. This cake must be washed with pure water or... 

The extremely low friction achieved on PLL(20)-g[2.9]-PEG(5) films in SFA experiments is not a unique property of this specific copolymer but has also been observed for other grafted poly(ethylene glycol) films as well as for other polymer-brush systems in a good solvent, such as grafted polystyrene in toluene. The osmotic pressure, which leads to strong repulsive forces as the polymer brushes are compressed, effectively prevents the direct contact of the solid surfaces. At comparable solid surface separations, thin films of water or aqueous salt solutions have been shown to retain a shear fluidity characteristic of the bulk liquid. In a control experiment, this was also observed in 10 mM HEPES buffer solution (data not shown). 

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