Solid/liquid separation scale

Grimwood C., 2005. Filtering centrifuges, in Solid/Liquid Separation Scale-up of Industrial Equipment , Eds. R.J. Wakeman and E.S. Tarleton, pp. 314—374, Elsevier, Oxford. 

Wakeman R.J. and Tarleton E.S. (Eds.), 2005b. Solid/Liquid Separation - Scale-up of Industrial Equipment, Elsevier Advanced Technology, Oxford. 

Purchas (ed.), Solid/Liquid Separation Equipment Scale-Up, Uplands Press, Croydon, England, 1977.]... 

Moody, G. M., 1994. In Selection and Scale - Up for Solid/Liquid Separation, The Filtration Society 30th Anniversary Symposium, p.9-29... 

Staff profile page - the Engineering Faculty at Loughborough. .. Broad Interests and Expertise. Compressible cake filtration Selection, scale-up and process simulation of solid/liquid separation equipment Washing and. .. http //WWW. Iboro. ac. uk/departments/eng/research/staff/html/tarleton. html [More Results From www.lboro.ac.uk]... 

Crystallization Process Systems brings together essential aspects of the concepts, information and techniques for the design, operation and scale up of particulate crystallization processes as integrated crystal formation and solid-liquid separation systems. The focus of the book, however, is on crystallization only dealing with related unit operations as far as is necessary. It is therefore... 

Flocculation or clarification processes are solids-liquid separation techniques used to remove suspended solids and colloidal particles such as clays and organic debris from water, leaving it clear and bright. Certain chemicals used (such as alums) also exhibit partial dealkaliz-ing properties, which can be important given that the principal alkaline impurity removed is calcium bicarbonate—the major contributory cause of boiler and heat exchanger scales (present in scales as carbonate), although closely followed by phosphate. 

Figure 4.15. Solid-liquid separation in industrial scale using centrifugation in continuous mode (A) or passage of the suspension through manifolds such as those shown in (B) mounted with filter cartridges (C) designed for tangential or cross-flow of liquid suspension. Panel A NIH Fredrick facility, with permission Panels B and C Milipore, MA, with permission.

Much equipment for the separation of liquids and finely divided solids was invented independently in a number of industries and is of diverse character. These developments have occurred without benefit of any but the most general theoretical considerations. Even at present, the selection of equipment for specific solid-liquid separation applications is largely a process of scale-up based on direct experimentation with the process material. 

Purchas, D. P. and Wakeman, R. J. (eds) (1986) Solid/Liquid Separation Equipment Scale-up, 2nd edn (Uplands Press). 

An example of a solid-liquid phase separation - often referred to as a mechanical separation - is filtration. Filters are also used in gas-solid separation. Filtration may be used to recover liquid or solid or both. Also, it can be used in waste-treatment processes. Walas [6] describes many solid-liquid separators, but we will only consider the rotary-drum filter. Reliable sizing of rotary-drum filters requires bench and pilot-scale testing with the slurry. Nevertheless, a model of the filtering process will show some of the physical factors that influence filtration and will give a preliminary estimate of the filter size in those cases where data are available. 

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