Soil microorganisms measuring

Soils amended with arsenic-contaminated plant tissues were not measurably affected in C02 evolution and nitrification, suggesting that the effects of adding arsenic to soils does not influence the decomposition rate of plant tissues by soil microorganisms (Wang et al. 1984). The half-life of cacodylic acid is about 20 days in untreated soils and 31 days in arsenic-amended soils (Hood 1985). Estimates of the half-time of inorganic arsenicals in soils are much longer, ranging from 6.5 years for arsenic trioxide to 16 years for lead arsenate (NRCC 1978). 

Its persistence is very low in soil. One study recovered only 1.16% of mancozeb 7 days after application to silt loam soils, while the half-life was measured as only 3 days in fine sand. Lots of soil microorganisms readily break down mancozeb. 

Reed et al. (.19.) adapted the fLuorescein diacetate assay to qualitatively measure the potential ability of soil microorganisms to degrade carbamothioate herbicides in enhanced soils. They... 

Iwata, K. Suzuki, T Yamada, M. Sakamoto, I. Method and reagent for measuring number of soil microorganisms by enzymic analysis. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 2003225098, 2003 Chem. Abstr. 2003, 139, 146186. 

The evaluations indicated in the side-branches of Fig. 5 have a different purpose. They are intended to show from a scientific standpoint that the oxidation products formed from degradable polyolefins in the natural environment are bioassimilated by soil microorganisms. It would be ideal to take samples of plastics from compost at intervals to carry out biometric (carbon dioxide formation) tests and to measure mass-loss due to bioerosion of the plastic. However, this is a difficult procedure since CO2 formation is concomitant with mass loss during composting and it is difficult to achieve even an approximate mass balance. 

A. Measurement of Rapid Reaction Rates Techniques and Applications, Including Determination of Spectra of Cytochromes and Other Electron Carriers in Respiring Cells. B. Use of Artificial Electron Acceptors in the Study of Dehydrogenases. C. Use of Percolation Technique for the Study of the Metabolism of Soil Microorganisms. D. Methods for. tudy of the Hill Reaction. E. Methods for Measurement of Nitrogen Pi.xatioii. F. Cytochemistry. 

Turbidity n/a Tt3 Turbidity, a measure of water cloudiness, is used to indicate water quality and filtration effectiveness (e.g., whether disease-causing organisms are present). Higher turbidity is associated with higher levels of microorganisms such as viruses, parasites and some bacteria. These organisms can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches. Soil runoff... 

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