Software technical aspects

Traditional accident models were devised to explain losses caused by failures of physical devices (chain or tree of failure events) in relatively simple systems. They are less useful for explaining accidents in software-intensive systems and for non-technical aspects of safety such as organizational culture and human decision-making. Creation of an infrastructure based on which safety analysis can function efficiently and effectively is needed. A so called safety culture for a development company and processes associated with routine tasks there, in general, is now identified as an area of root cause of accidents and that there is the greatest... 

In general, it is not necessary for asdentist in drug design to understand the theory of classification methods in detail. The dedsion as to which method is to be used depends mainly on technical aspects, such as size or dimension of the dataset or complexity of the problem. The classification results do not depend heavily on the method used, but especially cluster borders will differ sHghdy. Classification software will work out and visualize the information already included in the descriptors. 

Specification is the task of precisely describing the software to be written. It is a good rule to spend considerably more time with specification than with programming. Specification can be divided into several categories for describing functionality, user interface design, or technical aspects of the software. 

FIGURE 8.1 The V-Model covers the entire process for software development from the business requirements to the implementation of the software in its intended operational environment. The process starts with a statement of work that defines the effort reqnired for the design, engineering, development, production, and test, and prototyping of a software system. The software documentation process covers user requirements, functional, and technical aspects of the software development. After development, different test phases are performed to verify installation, operation, and performance of the software. A business acceptance from the customer finally leads to implementation of the software. 

R. D. McDowall, Validation of Spectrometry Software. Part II Roles of Validation Plan and User Requirement Specifications, Spectroscopy, 16(7) (2001) 30, www.spectroscopvonhne.com. Discusses the technical aspects of the validation plan and what it must include. 

Recent synergetic studies between computational simulations and spectroscopic techniques will be also discussed. Experimental techniques (FT IR spectroscopy, NMR, neutron scattering, neutron diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy) will also be discussed. Computer simulations often are able to provide an excellent interpretation of what is obtained from spectroscopy. Examples of this interplay between experiment and simulation are listed. In presenting the results of computer simulations, visualization of the molecular structure or electronic structure and animations of the MD trajectories are often used. Some of these also are discussed, in terms of technical aspects and software available for visualization. One of the most up-to-date visualization techniques, virtual reality (VR), is also discussed in the context of computational chemistry. 

Clinical Gait Analysis http //www.univie.ac.at/cga/ (accessed June 24,2010). This is the companion Web site to the e-mail list cga lists.curtin.edu.au. providing a forum for the discussion of clinical gait analysis technical aspects, clinical cases, and new developments. Links to other biomechanics and gait analysis Web sites, including a data/software/videos section. 

In Section 2 we provide a brief overview of the stracture and focus of the SoBP. Section 3 addresses the managerial issues involved with assessing the contribution of software to system safety, while Section 4 describes the technical aspects of assurance. Finally, in Section 5 we conclude and discuss the plaimed updates to the SoBP. 

Section 2.5 discusses some experiences with expenses and benefits of simulation use and Section 2.6 will provide some technical information on available simulation software. The concluding Section 2.7 summarizes some of the aspects and contains statements on possible future lines of development. 

Design rules for technical architecture This defines the elements used and patterns followed systemwide for dealing with the computing infrastructure aspects of the design. It includes hardware and software platforms and tools, middleware and databases, and the choice of API standards and component architecture, such as JavaBeans or COM. These rules emerge in parallel with the activities in items 11 and 12 architecture models and implementations. 

Abstract. Tools used in development processes in chemical engineering and plastics processing are often highly heterogeneous with respect to the necessary software and hardware. In the previous chapter, several functionalities for improving a development process in different aspects was presented. But one problem still remains when coupling such heterogeneous tools, many technical details are to be considered. 

We see many advantages in the use of the FT-FAM technique, many of which have already been mentioned. The most important one is speed, especially the very important fact that in this technique one measures the impedance at each frequency simultaneously, thereby rendering less importance to eventual time-dependent phenomena in the cell. Also the increased data processing capability of the instrument, e.g., posibilities for real time display of experimentel curves etc. deserves mentioning. We would also like to stress the importance of portability and ease of use, consequences of the use of modern microprocessors together with flexible software. We predict increasing importance of this aspect as the technical development continues, making this technique truly competitive. 

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