Sodium pentachlorophenate pentachlorophenol

Gupta, P.K. and V.S. Durve. 1984. Evaluation of the toxicity of sodium pentachlorophenate, pentachlorophenol and phenol to the snail Viviparus bengalensis (L.). Arch. Hydrobiol. 101 469 475. 

This paper discusses the effects of the pyrolysis of wood and paper treated with pentachlorophenol or sodium pentachlorophenate along with the exposure of sodium pentachlorophenate to ultraviolet light. The effect of heat, light, and air with respect to some of the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins will be considered. 

Table I. Octachlorodibenzo- >-dioxin Concentration before and after Burning Paper and Wood Treated with Pentachlorophenol and Sodium Pentachlorophenate...

Effects of Combustion and Heat. The results of combusting wood and paper treated with pentachlorophenol or sodium pentachlorophenate are shown in Table I. These results indicate that octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin concentration did not increase as the result of combusting either wood or paper treated with pentachlorophenol. It seems that the concentration of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin concentration was actually decreased during combustion. However, paper treated with sodium pentachlorophenate did increase in octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin concentration as the result of combustion. 

Combustion of wood or paper treated with pentachlorophenol resulted in no increase and more probably a decrease in octachlorodi-benzo-p-dioxin concentrations while octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin increased slightly in paper treated with sodium pentachlorophenate. The pho-tolytic degradation of sodium pentachlorophenate at pH 8 is very rapid. Under these controlled conditions formation of no more than 0.03% octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin was observed. The 2,3,7,8 isomer, one of the most active chloracnegens is seemingly stable towards air oxidation but... 

Sodium pentachlorophenol, latex auxiliary. Sodium Pentachlorophenate... 

Pentachlorophenol is readily soluble in most organic solvents, oils, and highly aromatic and olefinic petroleum hydrocarbons — a property that makes it compatible for inclusion in many pesticide formulations (Table 23.1 Figure 23.1). Purified PCP, however, is practically insoluble in water therefore, the readily water-soluble sodium pentachlorophen-ate salt is substituted in many industrial applications (Table 23.1) (Bevenue and Beckman 1967 USPHS 1994). 

Pentachlorophenol in terrestrial ecosystems clears rapidly (Haque et al. 1988). In one case, a terrestrial ecosystem was given a single surface application of radiolabeled PCP equivalent to 5 kg sodium pentachlorophenate/ha. PCP residues on foliage decreased rapidly, with 50% metabolized within 15 days. After 131 days (autumn), most of the remaining PCP was in the topsoil and plant litter. After 222 days (winter), 39% of the radiocarbon remained. There was little bioconcentration in the resident fauna, due to rapid metabolism and excretion (Haque et al. 1988). 

Chapman, G.A. and D.L. Shumway. 1978. Effects of sodium pentachlorophenate on survival and energy metabolism of embryonic and larval steelhead trout. Pages 285-299 in K.R. Rao (ed.). Pentachlorophenol Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Environmental Toxicology. Plenum Press, New York. 

Gupta, P.K. and P.S. Rao. 1982. Toxicity of phenol, pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate to a freshwater pulmonate snail Lymnaea acuminata (Lamarck). Arch. Hydrobiol. 94 210-217. 

Haque, A. and W. Ebing. 1988. Uptake and accumulation of pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate by earthworms from water and soil. Sci. Total Environ. 68 113-125. 

Pentachlorophenol and its salt, sodium pentachlorophenate, are used primarily as wood preservatives on telephone poles, pilings and fence posts. In Europe, pentachlorophenol and its derivatives, sodium pentachlorophenate and pentachlorophenyl laurate are used to control sap stain in green lumber. It is also used in Europe on millwork to prevent the growth of mould and fungi, and as a preservative for waterproof materials (i.e., tarpaulins) that are used in outdoor applications. In the United States, it is used almost entirely for treatment of utility poles (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1994). 

Deichmann, W.B., Machle, W., Kitzmiller, K.V. Thomas, G. (1942) Acute and chronic effects of pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate upon experimental animals. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther., 16, 104-117... 

Kehoe, R.A., Deichmaim-Gruebler, W. Kitzmiller, K.V. (1939) Toxic effects upon rabbits of pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate. J. ind. Hyg. Toxicol., 21, 160-172... 

Bao, Z.C., Wang, K.O., Kang, J.X., Zhao, L.W., 1995. Analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate. Environ. Chem. (Chinese) 14, 317-321. 

Hagenmaier H, Brunner H. 1987. Isomer specific analysis of pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate on 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD and PCDF at sub-ppb levels. Chemosphere 16 1759-1764. 

SYNS DOW DORMANT FUNGICIDE DOWICIDE G-ST NAPCLOR-G PENTACHLOROPHENATE SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENOL, SODIUM SALT PENTACHLOROPHENOXY SODIUM PENTAPHEN-ATE SANTOBRITE SODIUM PCP SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE (DOT) SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENOL SODIUM PENTACHLORO-PHENOLATE SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENOXIDE WEEDBEADS... 

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