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Sodium glycolate kinetics

Hydrolysis to Glycols. Ethylene chlorohydrin and propylene chlorohydrin may be hydrolyzed ia the presence of such bases as alkaU metal bicarbonates sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate (31—33). In water at 97°C, l-chloro-2-propanol forms acid, acetone, and propylene glycol [57-55-6] simultaneously the kinetics of production are first order ia each case, and the specific rate constants are nearly equal. The relative rates of solvolysis of... [Pg.73]

The oxidation of 1,2-glycols by sodium periodate or periodic acid generally is considered to proceed by way of an intermediate complex between the periodate ion and the glycol.84 Studies by Duke and Bremer26 of the reaction kinetics support the hypothesis that the periodate ion reacts with a coordination number of two and that the reacting complex is exclusively between one mole of glycol and one periodate ion. [Pg.46]

Purification. Benson, McBee, and Rand, in submitting an Organic Syntheses procedure for the preparation of N-iodosuccmimide, purify dioxane only by use of sodium chips and distillation (reference to Fieser"). Checkers B. C. McKusick and T. J. Kealy used a newly opened bottle of spectroquality Reagent (MCB). In purifying the solvent for a kinetic study Burstein and Ringold state that they applied the method of Fieser and then stored the solvent over a Linde molecular sieve for at least a week. Aetually Fieser cited two methods from the literature, the first of which is designed to eliminate water and glycol acetal by hydrolysis to acetaldehyde. The methods are as follows ... [Pg.900]

Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) can also be used as the catalyst in SLPTC. Chu [207] reported the kinetics for etherification of sodium phenoxide with benzyl bromide using quaternary ammonium salts and PEG as the catalyst in SLPTC. When PEG is used as the catalyst, formation of the complex PEG-Na PhO mainly occurs at the solid-liquid interface. The phenoxide anion carried by PEG can dissolve much more than its original... [Pg.333]

The activity of some polyethylene glycols bonded with macroporous copolymers of glycidylmethacrylate during the interfacial catalysis of the model reaction of sodium phenolate with n-BuBr, were investigated [79]. Rate constants of phenol alkylation in the aqueous system NaOPh-n-BuBr (in toluene)-PEG were measured at 60°C as a function of the molecular weight of PEG and its concentration. The obtained results were compared with the data on the kinetics of the reaction occurring in the presence of soluble PEG. Upon the insertion of immobilized and soluble PEG, alkylation rates increased 168 and 139 fold, respectively. The increase of the catalytic activity of immobilized PEG, which corresponded to a rise in the molecular weight of the polymer, was caused by an increase in the PEG ability to sorb alkali metal cations. [Pg.61]

The investigation of the kinetics of the solvolysis of p-nitrophenyl bis(chloromethyl) phosphinate 12 in the direct micelles of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in ethylene glycol have demonstrated that the ratio of the factors Fc and Fn, in this system differ from that in aqueous micelles, namely, the positive predominant contribution of the factor of microenvironment to the micellar rate effect is observed (Table 15.1). In the solution of ethylene glycol the micellization is much less effective as compared to the aqueous solution (cmc of SDS in ethylene glycol is equal to 0.18M, while in water it is 0.0085 M) and the micelles formed have low aggregation numbers, a loose structure and a weak solubilization capacity (the binding constants of substrates are lower by two orders of magnitude as compared to those in aqueous micellar solutions). ... [Pg.399]

E. Botines, L. Franco, X. Ramis, J. Puiggali, Synthesis of poly(glycolic acid-alt-12-aminododecanoic acid) the thermal polymerization kinetics of sodium V-chloroacetyl-12-aminododecanoate, J. Polym. Sci.A Poly. Chem. 44 (2006) 1199-1213. [Pg.164]

In order to learn about the effect of substituents close to the ester bond of surface-active esters on the kinetics of the hydrolysis, a series of well-defined PEG esters of fatty acids were synthesized and their hydrolysis rates were investigated both below and above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) [1]. The ester surfactants studied are shown in Fig. 1. They were synthesized in pure form by reacting the acid chloride with a large excess of tetra(ethylene glycol) using pyridine as nonnucleophilic base. The desired product, i.e., the PEG monoester, was removed from the excess tetra(ethylene glycol) by extraction into ethyl acetate from a saturated sodium chloride solution (so-called Weibull extraction). The degradation profile at various pH values was... [Pg.319]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.23 , Pg.289 ]




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Sodium glycollate

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