SODIUM DODECYL ALLYL

Another approach to producing latexes with chemically bound surface-active groups is to use a reactive surfactant—a surfactant with a polymerizable double bond, such as sodium dodecyl allyl sulfosuccinate [Wang et al., 2001a,b,c]. Copolymerization of the reactive surfactant with the monomer of interest binds the surface active groups into the polymer chains. 

Details are given of the seeded emnlsion polymerisations of styrene using the reactive snrfactant sodium dodecyl allyl sulphosuccinate and its polymeric counterpart. Reaction kinetics were compared with those obtained using the conventional surfactant sodinm lauryl sulphate. Results were supported by molecular weight data. 18 refs. USA... 

The objective of this work was to characterise the sodium dodecyl allyl sulphosuccinate (Eliminol JS-2) stabilised poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) lattices produced in a semibatch reactor. The PBA latex particles were prepared using a semibatch pulsion polymerisation process. It was found that the concentration of JS-2 or sodium dodecyl sulphate present in the initial reactor charge is very important in determining the final latex particle size. The higher the particle size polarity is, the larger is the saturated particle surface area covered by one JS-2 molecule. It was also found that at a common surfactant concentration, the JS-2 stabilised latex displays reduced chemical stability than the sodium dodecyl sulphate stabilised latex. The results of such research should be useful to tape and label manufacturers. 3 refs. 

Chern and Chen [30] studied the effect of the reactive surfactant, sodium dodecyl allyl sulfosuccinate, on the semibatch emulsion polymerization of n-butyl acrylate initiated by sodium persulfate. Sodium dodecyl allyl sulfosuccinate plays a similar role in the particle nucleation and growth stages to the conventional sodium dodecyl sulfate. The final number of latex particles per unit volume of water is proportional to the concentration of sodium dodecyl allyl sulfosuccinate in the initial reactor charge (the most important parameter with regard to particle nucleation) to the 0.72-0.80 power. The saturated particle surface area occupied by one molecule of sodium dodecyl allyl sulfosuccinate is 0.36 nm for the poly (n-butyl acrylate) particles prepared by the... 

In a reaction vessel equipped with mechanic propeller stirrer, argon inlet, and reflux condenser an emulsion is prepared of distilled water (300 g), methyl methacrylate (MMA 9.5 g),allyl methacrylate (ALMA 0.5 g) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (5D5 ... 

Indium metal in water reduces a-halocarbonyl compounds and benzyl iodides to the corresponding dehalogenated products in excellent yields under sonication, though simple alkyl and aryl iodides remain inert under these conditions (Equation (97)).379 Similar dehalogenation in micellar systems in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate in water affords the corresponding parent carbonyl compounds in excellent yields (Equation (98)).380 The allylic iodide or acetate is reduced by indium into the corresponding 3-methylcephems and 3-methylenecephams in an aqueous system. The latter are converted into the former quantitatively under basic conditions (Scheme 110).381... 

In a reaction vessel equipped with mechanic propeller stirrer, argon inlet, and reflux condenser an emulsion is prepared of distilled water (300 ml), methyl methacrylate (MMA 9.5 g), allyl methacrylate (ALMA 0.5 g) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS 50 mg). The emulsion is heated (75°C), and ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS 0.6 g) dissolved in water (5 ml) is added. After 50 min a mixture of MMA (28.5 g) and ALMA (1.5 g) is added dropwise (within 1 h). Subsequently, a monomer emulsion formed by water (250 ml), SDS (1.1 g), MMA (252 g), ALMA (8 g), and APS (0.5 g) is added ccaitinuously (within 225 min) to the reaction mixture. After complete addition, stirring is continued for further 1 h at 75°C and for further 2 h at 85°C. Finally, the emulsion is allowed to cool down to room temperature. 

Eleminol JS-2 Mixture of sodium l-tridecyl-4-allyl-(2 or 3)-sulfobutanedioate, sodium 1-dodecyl-4-allyl-(2 or 3)-sulfobutanedioate... 

Dialkyl maleate reacts with an excess of allyl alcohol to yield a rather interesting monomer 11. Similarly, Kyrides has reported the addition of sodium salts of 71-decyl and /7-dodecyl alcohols on diethyl maleate. Ester exchange may complicate the yields of these reactions due to the strongly basic character of sodium alkoxides. Weak bases such as fluoride ions may provide the selectivities. The fluoride ion is known to promote the Michael reaction without affecting transesterification of the carboxylic esters. 

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