Charging reactors

If the consequences of not waiting until the pressure had dropped were serious and/or omitting to check the pressure was likely, then it would be necessary to break down the operation "charge reactor" to its component steps. This approach to deciding on the level of decomposition is called the PxC rule (where P is the probability of failing to carry out an operation and C the cost of the consequences). The size of the product PxC determines whether or not to describe the operation in more detail (Shepherd, 1985). 

A separable flat-bottomed type of cylindrical stainless reactor (20 L) med the inside of which was coated with a fluoro resin was charged with 2,2 -bipyridine (625 g, 4 mmol), dry MeCN (10.0 L) and formic acid (0.2 L). To the solution was added a BF,/MeCN solution (16.0 wt%, 3.9 L), and then the charged reactor... 

Part of Qualitative decrease only part of the design intention is realized Charging only a part of a predefined amount, omission of a compound at charging, reactor partly emptied... 

Not all nuclear accidents are caused by fluid seal failures. However, an article by Stuart Diamond published in September 16, 1986 and reproduced in The New York Times on December 23, 2008, titled Nuclear critics charge reactors and O ring seals pose a threat to safety is worth reading [3]. An excerpt on O ring failures in nuclear plants is given below ... 

Diamond, S. Nuclear critics charge reactors O ring seals pose a threat to safety. The New York Times December 23, 2008... 

Charge reactor with butanol, acrylamide and panrformaldehyde. 

Charge reactor with solvents and heat to 13S°C while stirring. 

Charge reactor with toluene and butyl acetate. 

Charge reactor with n-butanol and heat to reflux. 

Charge reactor with VeoVa 10, 60% of the styrene and 40% of the solvent. 

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