Sodium distribution

Fig. 3.4.14 One-dimensional SPRITE image of the sodium distribution in mortar specimens...

Sodium(23Na) Sodium distribution inter/intra cellular sodium Na... 

Two types of structures were seen a needle type bundled structure pointing inward towards the center of the sphere and surface bumps. The needle type structures overall were less than 10 pm in length and less than 1 pm in thickness. To confirm that these structures corresponded to sodium alanate. elemental mapping of the alanate s sodium and aluminum constitutes was made. As can be seen in Fig.5, the presence of intense sodium distribution was noted on the needle structures while the both the surface bumps and needle structures showed the presence of aluminum distribution. These results confirmed spheres filling with the alanate. While these needle structures are not usual for sodium alanate. it is speculated that the porous silica could have provided a nucleation surface for these unique structures formation. Nevertheless, since the samples were exposed to ambient air prior to the... 

In this paper we have examined commercial equilibrium catalysts (Beat) to look for correlations between zeolite and matrix area stability of various catalyst families as a function of sodium. We have performed density separation of Feat samples to measure the sodium distribution as a function of catalyst age. Finally, we have revisited the issue of whether fresh catalyst sodium is equivalent to feedstock sodium in its influence on zeolite stability, catalytic activity and selectivity. 

Figure 6. Microprobe Analysis of Sodium Distribution in Beat...

Olt et al. introduced Na NMR micro imaging to map the sodium distribution in living plants. The experiments were performed at 11.71 T with a double resonant Na- H probe-head. The Na micro imaging promises great potential for physiological studies of the consequences of salt stress on the macroscopic level and thus may become a unique tool for characterizing plants with respect to salt tolerance and salt sensitivity. 

Figure 7 Partitioning of NaCIO between water and tributylphosphate (TBP), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), 4-methyl-2-pentanol (or methyl isobutyi carbinol, MIBC), or nitromethane (MeN02> at 25°C. Sodium distribution ratios (as log Dn.) were taken from the plots given in [218], which stated that the solvents were preequilibrated with water and subsequently equilibrated with NaCi04 solutions at the indicated initial concentrations (1 1 phase ratio). For purposes of modeling, we estimated the uncertainty in DNa as 10% overall. Solid lines indicate the model calculated by SXLSQl using the constants and data ranges summarized in Table 12. Dashed lines to 9 M represent an extrapolation of the model over the remainder of the experimental range using the same constants.

Salt uptake rate in muscle foods depends on many technological parameters, one of them being the availability of the water in a muscle which is a fimction of the quality of the raw material. Another important parameter is availability and local concentration of the sodium ions at the interface with the muscle, a MRI can be used to visualize variations in the sodium distribution of similar raw materials salted or processed by different methods, and thus serve as a tool for the process optimization. 

A multivariate mathematical model describing the extraction of cesium from different mixtures of sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrite containing potassium at variable concentrations has been established. It was determined based on the cesium, potassium, and sodium distribution ratios obtained with simple systems containing single salts. These experimental data were modeled to obtain the formation constants of complexes... 

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