Sodium acetate trifluoroacetate

However, this method is appHed only when esterification cannot be effected by the usual acid—alcohol reaction because of the higher cost of the anhydrides. The production of cellulose acetate (see Fibers, cellulose esters), phenyl acetate (used in acetaminophen production), and aspirin (acetylsahcyhc acid) (see Salicylic acid) are examples of the large-scale use of acetic anhydride. The speed of acylation is greatiy increased by the use of catalysts (68) such as sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, phosphoms pentoxide, 2inc chloride, ferric chloride, sodium acetate, and tertiary amines, eg, 4-dimethylaminopyridine. 

Using esters instead of acids reduces the rate of formation of lactones and gives rise to trapping by solvent as well as the formation of overall diene substitution products. Oxidation of amidomalonic ester 57, for example, yields as major products the acetic acid trapping product 58 and the diene substitution product 59, but only 5% of lactone 60 (equation 26). The oxidation of the initially formed amidomalonic ester radical, of increased importance in this case due to the amide substituent, could be largely reduced through addition of sodium acetate or trifluoroacetic acid, which are known to reduce the oxidation potential of the Mn(III) acetate. 

Acetoxylation of propene to allyl acetate can be performed in the liquid phase with high selectivity (98%) in acetic acid in the presence of catalytic amounts of palladium trifluoroacetate. The stability and activity of this catalyst can be considerably increased by adding copper (II) trifluoroacetate and sodium acetate as cocatalysts (100 °C, 15 bar, reaction time = 4 h, conversion = 70%, selectivity = 97%). Gas-phase procedures for the manufacture of allyl acetate are described in several patents and use conventional palladium catalysts deposited on alumina or silica, together with cocatalysts (Au, Fe, Bi, etc.) and sodium acetate. The activity and selectivity reported for these catalysts are very high (100-1000 g l-1 h-1, selectivity = 90-95% ).427 A similar procedure has been used for the synthesis of methallyl acetate from 2-methylpropene.428... 

Tricyclic antidepressants Custom made molecular imprint polymer sorbents Acetonitrile-10 mM sodium acetate, pH 3.0 (98 2) with 0.02% trifluoroacetic acid and 0.015% triethylamine 330 mm x 100 pm i.d. 225 mm packed length... 

Abbreviations conform to Tarr s nomenclature F, formic acid A, acetic acid fA, trifluoroacetic acid KNm, dimethylformamide mSO, methylsulfoxide MOH, methanol EOH, ethanol MCN, acetonitrile M5KN, N-methyl-pyrrolidone 6N, pyridine N, ammonia ENm, dimethylethylamine M6N, N-methylpiperidine M6NO, N-methylmorpholine E6NO, N-ethylmorpholine ENip, diisopropylethylamine eN, triethylamine fmK, hexafluoroacetone (hydrate) cit, citric acid W, water NaA, sodium acetate eN+, tetraethylammonium MNT, methylthiocarbamyl NT, phenylthiocarbamyl MNGS, methylisothiocyanate ONCS, phenylisothiocyanate NPN-TNdab, N-aminopropyl-N -p-dimethylaminoazobenzene thiourea. 

Acetate Salts. Sodium acetate and sodium trifluoracetate clusters were used and produce useful reference peaks for both positive and negative ESI [10,11,23] 0.5% acetic acid in ammonium acetate solutions can be used for calibration in ESI-MS. This calibration solution, which is volatile, produces cluster ions up to m/z 1000. Therefore, it does not produce any source contamination or memory effects. Replacing acetic acid by trifluoroacetic acid (TEA) furtlier enlarges file mass range to m/z 4000, but TEA produces some memory effects and ion suppression, especially in negative-ion mode. 

The reaction is acid or base catalyzed. Many catalysts have been tried, including potassium acetate and sodium acetate (27), dimeth-ylformamide (DMF) (28-30), urea ammonium sulfate (29), magnesium perchlorate (31-33), trifluoroacetic acid (32), boron trifluoride (30), sodium acetate (31), potassium hydrogen phosphate (34), and y-rays (35). The best acetylation condition, however, is uncatalyzed acetic anhydride in xylene at 100-130 C (36). 

Silver trifluoroacetate, 327, 328 Silyl ethers, 477-478 Simmons-Smith reagent, 436-437 (3-Sinensal, 283 Sirenin, 424 Sodium, 246, 268, 437 Sodium acetate, 578 Sodium aluminum chloride, 438 Sodium aluminum diethyl dihydride, 438 Sodium aluminum hydride, 316 Sodium amalgam, 41,438-439 Sodium amide, 231, 305,403,439 Sodium amide-Sodium f-butoxide, 439-440 Sodium-Ammonia, 26, 32,134, 260,438 Sodium azide, 9, 77, 210, 323, 440-441 Sodium benzoxide, 111 Sodium bis-(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride, 164, 293, 360,441-442 Sodium bistrimethylsilylamide, 442-443,... 

Alternatively, compound 14 was oxidized with sodium periodate, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride in ethanol to afford 18 (Scheme 3). Hydrolysis of the isopropy-lidene group in 18 with 50% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid followed by hydrogenation of the azide group and then intramolecular reductive amination and protection of the imine group afforded 19. Selective mesylation of the primary hydroxyl group in 19 followed by silylation and subsequent removal of the benzyloxycarbonyl group and then cyclization with sodium acetate afforded 20. Deprotection of 20 led to me50-quinuclidine-3,5-diol (3). 

Imino esters, catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid, are trimerized in 81-85% yield with loss of alcohol. The iminoester hydrochloride salt gave the corresponding triazines in 72-78% yield in the presence of sodium acetate <92ZOR1750>. 

Reaction of (-)-vincadifformine (2) with lead tetraacetate in benzene gave the acetoxy indolenine 298 in about 50% yield. This compound, when treated with trifluoroacetic acid in chloroform at 0° followed by reaction with sodium acetate in aqueous acetic acid, gave a mixture of (+)-vincamine (277), (-)-16-epivincamine (299), and (+)-apovincamine (300)... 

Indole only reacts with acetic anhydride at an appreciable rate above 140 °C, giving 1,3-diacetylindole predominantly, together with smaller amounts of N- and 3-acetylindoles 3-acetylindole is prepared by alkaline hydrolysis of product mixtures. That /3-attack occurs first is shown by the resistance of 1-acetylindole to C-acetylation, but the easy conversion of the 3-acetylindole into 1,3-diacetylindole. In contrast, acetylation in the presence of sodium acetate, or 4-dimethylaminopyr-idine, affords exclusively /V-acetylindole, probably via the indolyl anion (section 17.4). Trifluoroacetic anhydride, being much more reactive, acylates at room temperature, in dimethylformamide at C-3, but in dichloromethane at nitrogen. ... 

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