Social tariffs

Worker Rights, Environmental Standards, and Social Tariffs Theory and Evidence. In Cheryl Lehman and Russell Moore (eds.). Multinational Culture Socid Impact of a World Economy. New York Greenwood Press. 

Fig. 1. U.S. sweetener consumption, 1980—1992, where represents sucrose ( ), com sweeteners and ( ), noncalotic sweeteners. In each country of the modem world, sugar production and trade play major social, pohtical, and economical roles. In order to regulate and protect export, import, stocks, subsidies, tariffs, etc, an enormous number of laws have been enacted and agreements concluded on sugar, both domestically and internationally. Also, insofar as sugar is a basic staple for a large population, each country keeps a watchhil eye on sugar production, consumption, and price, which vary widely from country to country, as shown in Table 2 (7,8). Table 2. World Sugar Production, Consumption, and Retail Prices, 1993-1995 ...

All markets are protected to some extent. Domestic suppliers have, at times, the natural protection of lower transportation costs, a greater understanding of the local marketplace through its experience and knowledge of social customs and culture, and an easier ability to respond to domestic customer requirements. Added to this, tariff duties may have to be paid on imports. 

In China, however, opium was a widespread social problem. Habitual opium smoking made people listless and unproductive. When the government tried to control the drug by taxes and tariffs, enterprising criminals set up black markets. In 1729, the Manchu dynasty went so far as to enact a law specifying that anyone who sold opium was to be strangled. 

Category B medicines of great social and therapeutic value (treatment of heart diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, antibiotics, corticosteroids, antipsychotics). The co-payment (with a maximum amount of 355 Belgian Francs [BF]) is 25 percent for normal insured people and 15 percent for people with a special tariff (pensioners, widows, orphans and invalids). This maximum is adapted each year to the national index figures. 

Health and Personal Social Services for Northern Ireland (current edition). Drug Tariff. Belfast Central Services Agency (updated monthly). 

Manage regulatory compliance Establishment of a central resource for compliance with local and international rules and regulations Can include environmental, tariff, social audits, and financial disclosures... 

These requirements involve government and trade requirements — issues that have increasing importance in global supply chains. Topics include taxes and tariffs, standards for customer protection, efforts to combat terrorism, environmental regulation, social policy, religious customs, and liability law. In some industries, changes here are the single most important determinant of future success. An important consideration can also be RETURN-related issues in areas where the company sells, makes, or sources materials for its products. 

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