Internal rule

In the same time pharmaceutical companies involved in production of antidotes must be encouraged to register their products in their own countries. In this respect, it is very helpful that administrative procedures of registration and disposal of an antidote, for example, will comply with international rules regarding the orphan drugs. 

Crystalhzation is another typical example of self-organization. The form of the crystal lattice, say of crystallizing NaCl, is not imposed by external forces, but is the result of the internal structural parameters of the NaCl system under the given conditions (temperature, etc.). Protein folding is also a self-organization process, determined by the internal rules of the system (primarily the primary structure). As is well known, Chris Anhnsen and coworkers demonstrated in the 1970s that... 

A quite different example, that was considered in Table 5.1, is the formation of an anthill the design of the anthill is not imposed externally it is the result of the internal structure of the ant social system. It is self-organization, if we consider the ants themselves and their genome as part of the internal rules of the system. 

Varela, 1998). This characterizes the system as an autonomous identity that can be dehned as auto referential. It produces its own rules of existence and therefore has a particular type of bio-logical coherence. These internal rules of the system are what dehne cellular life. 

The pertinent part of the story thus lies between 1915 and 1940. In order to appreciate it, we must detail some aspects of Gomberg s discovery, know a deal about the Nobel committee for chemistry and its decision-making procedures as laid down by the statutes and by internal rules, and see how Gomberg s work was analyzed and judged in the light of this complex system of rules. In the process, we will also deal with a few other pioneers of radical chemistry and their relationship to the Nobel institution, namely W. Schlenk, F. Paneth and, briefly, M.S. Kharasch. 

For this purpose, an institution can be defined as a rule-enforcing mechanism. The rules govern the behavior of a well-defined group of persons, by means of external, formal sanctions. The implied contrast here is to social norms, which enforce rules by external, informal sanctions, and to internalized rules. A policeman may fine me if I liner in the park. If there is no policeman around, other people may glare at me. If there are no other people around, my own conscience may be sufficient deterrence. 

There are generally three approaches you can take when analysing your process. Taking a conservative approach is probably always the best. Following API 520 and 521 to the letter should be a minimum requirement, but be aware that, based on experience, some companies have consciously adopted internal rules that are even more conservative. 

The countries of the Black Sea basin try to protect the nature of the sea. They formulated international rules for the cleaning water areas from oil and waist and scientifically justified regulations of fishery. Special attention is paid to the most vulnerable shelf areas. The issues of the protection of the natural environment of the Black Sea are discussed in detail in one of the chapters of this book. 

Exemption 2 protects certain records related solely to the FDA s internal rules and practices. 

The sensitivity of explosives to heating, naked flame, impact and friction is decisive in the international rules for railway traffic RID (Reglement International Concemant le Transport des Marchandises Dangereuses) [65]. Analogous rules ADR are concerned with international motor traffic [66]. 

We find this objection so significant that we question the advisability of recommending the Stock nomenclature without radical alteration of it. At any rate we find it objectionable that the international rules mention Stock s system as the only one allowed for indicating the electrochemical valency. 

In the written language, the designation by Stock s method can be made international by the use of the Latin names of the elements—e.g., ferrum(II)-sulfate, cuprum(I)-chloride, stannum(IV)-chloride, and aurum(III)-chloride. Contrary to the English version of the international rules, it is considered advisable to use a hyphen after the parenthesis. 

While much nomenclature work has been done in the United States without participation by chemists of other countries, there has never been a time when there was not readiness by most American nomenclature workers to enter into international negotiations on nomenclature problems. Americans are not a particularly patient people, and sometimes the delays naturally necessary for international agreement have been allowed to count as an obstacle to cooperation. At other times war conditions have interfered. Nevertheless, Americans have participated actively in the nomenclature work of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry international rulings have been adopted promptly and widely for use in this country and many of our rulings have been submitted... 

The structure of the system is givent it is a hierarchy of the categories forme, variety, subspecies, species, genus, etc. and (according to the international rules of noesenclature, art, 2.1) every plant "is treated ae belonging to a number of taxa of consecutively subordinate ranks, among which the rank of species is basal". 

International Seed Testing Association, International rules for seed testing. Chapter 9, pp. 1-8, 2005. 

Procedures/responslbllltles Safety and Environmental protection at Elf Atochem begin with internal rules, known to all concerned, which define the principles applicable to all production sites . 

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