Sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate

Figure 17.8 The biologi-cal oxidation of an alcohol (sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) to give a ketone dihydroxy-acetone phosphate). This mechanism is the exact opposite of the ketone reduction shown previously in Figure 17.4.

Step 3 of Figure 29.3 Alcohol Oxidation The /3-hydroxyacyl CoA from step 2 is oxidized to a /3-ketoacyl CoA in a reaction catalyzed by one of a family of L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases, which differ in substrate specificity according to the chain length of the acyl group. As in the oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate mentioned at the end of Section 29.2, this alcohol oxidation requires NAD+ as a coenzyme and yields reduced NADH/H+ as by-product. Deprotonation of the hydroxyl group is carried out by a histidine residue at the active site. 

Diels-Alder reaction and. 494-495 El reaction and, 392 E2 reaction and, 387-388 R.S configuration and, 297-300 S 1 reaction and, 374-375 S -2 reactions and, 363-364 Stereogenic center, 292 Stereoisomers, 111 kinds of, 310-311 number of, 302 properties of, 306 Stereospecilic, 228, 494 Stereospecific numbering, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and, 1132 Steric hindrance, Sjvj2 reaction and, 365-366 Steric strain, 96... 

Glycerolipids are derivatives of glycerol and fatty acids. Most brain glycerolipids are derivatives of phos-phatidic acid (PtdOH), which is diacylated sn-glycerol-3-phosphate. The notation sn refers to stereochemical... 

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.99.5] is a flavoprotein that catalyzes the reaction of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate with an acceptor substrate to produce glycerone phosphate (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and the reduced acceptor. 

MONOACYLGLYCERIDE LIPASE 1-Acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASE D ACYLGLYCERON E-PHOSPHATE REDUCTASE... 

Mutenda et al. (75) found that racemic 3,4-dihydroxybutylarsonic acid, HO—CH2—CHOH—CH2—CH2—As03H2, the arsonomethyl analogue of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, was a good substrate for glycerol-... 

Glycerol is phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) by glycerol kinase (ATP glycerol-3-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.30) [5]. G-3-P is also known as sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, glycerophosphoric acid, phosphatidyl glycerol, and sn-Gro-... 

Write a balanced fermentation sequence by which glycogen can be converted rapidly to sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and pyruvate in insect flight muscle. How many molecules of ATP per glucose unit of glycogen will be formed ... 

The ratio [NAD+]/[NADH] appears to be maintained at a relatively constant value and in equilibrium with a series of different reduced and oxidized substrate pairs. Thus, it was observed that in the cytoplasm of rat liver cells, the dehydrogenations catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase are all at equilibrium with the same ratio of [NAD+]/[NADH].166 In one experiment rat livers were removed and frozen in less than 8 s by "freeze-clamping" (Section L,2) and the concentrations of different components of the cytoplasm determined167 the ratio [NAD+] / [NADH] was found to be 634, while the ratio of [lactate]/[pyruvate] was 14.2. From these values an... 

There have been synthesized in this laboratory over the past several years a variety of phosphonic acids which are nominally isosteric with natural monophosphate esters. Of this collection of compounds three are of particular interest for the present work. These are (S)-3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonic acid (A)(1), an isosteric analogue of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 4-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl-l-phosphonic acid (B)( ), an isosteric analogue of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 5-carboxy-4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl-l-phosphonic acid (C)(3), an isosteric analogue of 5-phosphomevalonate. 

Fig. 23. Proposed active site arrangement of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (below), based on secondary structure predicted from the known primary structure, and on comparison with the known tertiary structure of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (above). From the work of Rossmann and colleagues (94).

Fig. 8.4 The glycolysis pathway in Saccharo-myces and the biosynthesis of ethanol and glycerol. Compounds DHAP, dihydroxyl-acetone monophosphate Fru6P, D-fructose-6-phosphate Frul,6P2, D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate GA3P, D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate GL3P, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate GLAP2, phosphoglycerate-3-phosphate ...

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