Small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering

Figure 11.14 Effect of applied strain on the 002 d-spacing of a PTT fiber drawn at 3.3 x measured by WAXD [76], Reprinted from Polymer, 42, Wu, J., Schultz, J. M., Samon, K. M., Pangelinan, A. B. and Chuah, H. H., In situ study of structure development in poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fibers during stretching by simultaneous synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, 7141-7151, Copyright (2001), with permission from Elsevier Science...

Small- and Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS and WAXS)... 

Laszlo K, Czakkel O, Dobos G, Lodewyckx P, Rochas C, Geissler E (2010) Water vapour adsorption in highly porous carbons as seen by small and wide angle X-ray scattering. Carbon 48 1038-1048... 

Nogales, A., Hsiao, B.S., Somani, R.H., Srinivas, S., Tsou, A.H., Balta-Callja, F.J. and Eqzuerra, T.A. (2001) Shear-induced crystallization of isotactic polypropylene with different molecular weight distributions in situ small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering studies, Polymer 42(12), 5247-5256... 

Paris O, Loidl D, Peterlik H, Muller M, Lichtenegger H, and Fratzl P. The internal structure of single carbon fibers determined by simultaneous small- and wide-angle x-ray scattering. J. Appl. Crystallogr., 2000 33 695-699. 

Details on other complementary techniques, such as small and wide angle X-ray scattering, X-ray Raman scattering, and X-ray emission, and synchrotron infrared spectromicroscopy methods are not discussed here. However, these methods can provide complementary information on the macromolecular structure and functional group chemistry of organic molecules at different resolution in different sample environments. 

Schwieters CD et al (2010) Solution structure of the 128 kDa enzyme I dimer Irom Escherichia coli and its 146 kDa complex with HPr using residual dipolar couplings and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering. J Am Chem Soc 132(37) 13026-13045... 

Figure 2.3 Small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering patterns of pure Q4C2 at different temperatures.

Description of the Experimental Set-up for Simultaneous Small and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering and Dielectric Spectroscopy (SWD)... 

R.A. J N. Steven, K. Bernd, B. Wim, M.G. R D.G. E Polymer Structure Determination Using Simultaneous Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (American Chemical Society, 1994), vol. 581, chap. 13, pp. 162-180... 

Fairen-Jim nez, D., Carrasco-Marm, F., Djurado, D., Bley, R, Ehrburger-DoUe, R, and Moreno-CastiUa, C. 2006. Surface area and microporosity of carbon aerogels from gas adsorption and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements. J. Phys. Chem. B 110 8681-8688. 

Wu J, Schultz J M, Yeh F, Hsiao B S and Chu B (2000) In situ simultaneous synchrotron small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement of poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibers under deformation, Mocromo/ecules 33 1765-1777. 

Samon J M, Schultz J M, Hsiao B S, Seifert S, Stribeck N, Gurke I, Collins G and Saw C (1999) Structure development during the melt spinning of polyethylene and poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibers by in situ synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques, Macromolecules 32 8121-8132. 

Kolb R, Seifert S, Stribeck N and Zachmann H G (2000) Simultaneous measurements of small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering during low speed spinning of poly(propylene) using s3uichrotron radiation, Polj/mer 41 1497-1505. 

Dokter, W.H., Beelen, T.P.M., van Garderen, H.F., et al. Simultaneous monitoring of amorphous and crystalline phases in silicalite precursor gels. An in situ hydrothermal and time-resolved small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering study. /. Appl. Crystallogr. 27 no. 6 (1994) 901-906. 

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