Sleep deprivation anxiety from

Subjective states were also monitored regularly in the footballers over the 71 hr. The data in Figure la illustrate how anxiety increased with successive nights of sleep deprivation. The influence of a circadian subharmonic in the observations is also obvious. Unprepared reaction time, recorded on each participant regularly through the entire period, deteriorated in phase with subjective states (Fig. lb). Prolonged gaps in attention, when the subject failed to respond at all to the visual stimulus, were excluded from the data. 

Figure 1 Changes in anxiety state (a) and unprepared simple reaction time (b) in five-a-side players over 71 hr without any sleep. The data show a trend with time of sleep deprivation and a time-of-day effect. (Adapted from Ref. 10.)...

In summary, caffeine is a known psychostimulant that exerts positive effects on physical endurance, alertness, and vigilance. The effects on reaction time and EEG activity are debatable. Caffeine may cause small, but inconsequential, increases in blood pressure, particularly in people who do not habitually use this compound. Although the effects on mood are generally positive, increased anxiety may result from doses of 300 mg or more. Caffeine s most reliable effects appear to occur in sleep-deprived personnel in whom doses ranging from 250 to 600 mg (including sustained-release caffeine doses of 300-600 mg) have been shown to improve wakefulness, mood, and various aspects of performance. 

Here again, most people can intuit the general answer. Anxiety and other emotions (such as elation) that increase brain activation of the waking type, impede sleep. They do so by increasing the set-point for the aminergic systems, which mediate waking and inhibit sleep. Besides causing insomnia, which is unpleasant, these conditions also induce sleep deprivation or, at least, sleep curtailment. And we know, from our discussions in Chapter 5, that sleep deprivation may be positively unhealthy, not just dysfunctional. 

C. Psychological Effects. Due to a lack of understanding of nonionizing radiation and RF radiation in particular, many individuals also have a fear of working near radiating sources and also erroneously suspect that certain physical ailments have been a result of RF exposure. Headaches, anxiety, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and sunburn, etc. have frequently been blamed on perceived exposure to RF radiation. Most often these symptoms have actually resulted from dehydration, sleep deprivation, poor ventilation, and high temperature environments. 

Failure to recognize readiness for spontaneous breathing Inappropriate ventilator settings Imposed work of breathing from tracheostomy Psychological factors Excess sedation Delirium, depression or anxiety Sleep deprivation Process of care factors... 

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