Simultaneous thermogravimetric

Rates of Formation of Gaseous Products from the Pyrolysis of Octrahydro-l,3,5,7-tetra-nitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) by Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Modulated Beam Mass Spectrometry. 

Thermal analysis is a group of techniques in which a physical property of a substance is measured as a function of temperature when the sample is subjected to a controlled temperature program. Single techniques, such as thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), dielectric thermal analysis, etc., provide important information on the thermal behaviour of materials. However, for polymer characterisation, for instance in case of degradation, further analysis is required, particularly because all of the techniques listed above mainly describe materials only from a physical point of view. A hyphenated thermal analyser is a powerful tool to yield the much-needed additional chemical information. In this paper we will concentrate on simultaneous thermogravimetric techniques. 

Comparison of several techniques (namely Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) and ultrasonic spectroscopy) for assessing the residual physical and mechanical characteristics of polymer matrix composites (PMCs) exposed to excessive thermal loads showed the measured power spectra of ultrasonic energy to correlate with performance of graphite fibre epoxy matrix composites exposed to thermal degradation, and also that analyses with the three techniques all pointed to the same critical temperature at which thermally induced damage increased sharply [58],... 

Pyrolysis of wheat straw and washed wheat straw has been carried out by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry at heating rates of 5,10 and 40 C/min. 

SIMULTANEOUS THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS-DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY... 

Simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) is a useful technique for the solid-state characterization of pharmaceutical materials. Such characterization includes the determinations of loss on drying, phase transition temperatures, thermal stability, and whether or not water is bound or unbound. TG/DTA combines the measurement of a change in mass of a sample as a function of temperature (TG) with the temperature difference of a sample compared with an inert reference material as a function of temperature (DTA). 

M Simpson, P M Jacobs and F R Jones, Generation of thermal strains in carbon fibre reinforced bismaleimide (PMR-15) composites. Part 3 - a simultaneous thermogravimetric mass spectral study of residual volatiles and thermal microcracking . Composites 1991 22 105. 

P. R. Dufour, K. G. H. Raemaekers, and J. C. J. Bart, Simultaneous thermogravimetric and mass-spectrometric analysis of high temperature polyesters, Thermochimica Acta, 175, 263 (1991). 

Behrens, R. (1987) Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Modulated Beam Mass Spectroscopy and Time-of-Flight Velocity Spectra Measurements Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of RDX and HMX Chemical Propulsion Information Agency Publication 476, I, 333-342. 

THE APPLICATION OF SIMULTANEOUS THERMOGRAVIMETRIC MODULATED BEAM MASS SPECTROMETRY AND TIME-OF-FLIGHT VELOQTY SPECTRA MEASUREMENTS TO THE STUDY OF THE PYROLYSIS OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS ... 

ABSTRACT. The use of mass spectrometry to collect data on the decomposition chemistry of nitramine compounds and the relevance of the data to the processes occurring in these materials when they are used in actu propellant and explosive applications is discussed. The simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry (STMBMS) and time-of-flight (TOF) velocity-spectra techniques and then-application to the study of energetic materials are discussed. The means by which these techniques enhance the amount of information obtained from more conventional mass spectrometric experiments is illustrated with studies on the evaluation of the use of appearance energy measurements to study the thermal decomposition of HMX and on the identiHcation of the HMX pyrolysis products and the determination of their gas formation rates. 

The Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Modulated Beam Mass Spectrometer... 

Polymer Characterization by an Advanced Simultaneous Thermogravimetric—Mass Spectrometric Skimmer Coupling System... 

In addition to deprotection reactions, thermal treatment can lead to rearrangements. Richardson and coworkers showed that the allyloxy-functionalized MOF [Zn40(L )3] undergoes a solventless Claisen rearrangement on heating to 260 °C (equation 11). The progress of the reaction was followed by simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis. ... 

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