Simple sequence repeat polymorphisms

DNA polymorphisms useful In mapping human genes Include restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), slngle-nucleotlde polymorphisms (SNPs), and simple sequence repeats (SSRs). 

Key Words Genotyping polymorphism single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) simple sequence repeat (SSR) tandem repeat insertion deletion. 

Bowers, J.E., Dangl, G.S., Vignani, R., Meredith, C.P., 1996. Isolation and characterization of new polymorphic simple sequence repeat loci in grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Genome 39, 628-633. 

Bell, G. L, Selby, M. J., Rutter, W. J. (1982). The highly polymorphic region near the human insulin gene is composed of simple tandemly repeating sequences. Nature 295, 31-35. 

Potentially polymorphic novel VNTRs can be identified direcdy from genomic sequence using tools such as Tandem repeat finder (TRF) or Tandyman [17] (http //www.stdgen.lanl.gov/tandyman/docs/index.html). A complete analysis of microsatellites in the human genome sequence using both TRF and Tandyman has been presented in the UCSC human genome browser in the simple repeats and microsatellites tracks [7]. 

Roewer, L. and Epplen, J., Rapid and sensitive typing of forensic stains by PCR amplification of polymorphic simple repeat sequences in case work. Forensic Sci Int, 53, 163, 1992. 

Length polymorphism Length polymorphism comes in essentially four varieties, which for convenience I call i) small unique length variants ( 1 30 bp) ii) large insertions - usually transposable elements iii) length variants of simple di- or tri-nucleotide repeat sequences, and iv) minisatellite tandem repeat length variation. 

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