Silane coupling agents treatment parameters

In order to realize, in practice, the coupling effects of silanes, it is necessary to standardize the conditions of application such that the silane is able to provide a molecular bridge without itself becoming a weak interphase between the fiber and matrix. As already mentioned, the principal experimental parameters to be controlled in the application of silane coupling agents on the fibers are the concentration, the solvent, and the treatment time. In order to arrive at the best conditions for each parameter, the IFSS was determined for each set of treatment conditions. Optimization of the conditions of silane application was thus progressively achieved. 

The resins that are used in printed circuit board laminates determine the type of silanes that are used. High-performance epoxy resins are the most used resins, so an epoxy-compatible silane is required. Vinylbenzylaminosilane has been most used for this application. Low ionic content (a low chloride level), ease of solubility in treatment baths, and minimization of agglomerates on the electronic glass surface to prevent flaws are all important parameters in the choice of a coupling agent. 

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