Shock-sensitive materials

Shock Sensitivity Shock-sensitive materials react exothermically when subjected to a pressure pulse. Materials that do not show an exotherm on a DSC or DTA are presumed not to be shock sensitive. Testing methods include ... 

Tool or other equipment dropped on shock-sensitive material... 

This group of internal diazonium salts (previously named diazooxides) contains those which are, like many other internal diazonium salts, explosively unstable and shock-sensitive materials. 

The diazonium perchlorates are extremely explosive, shock-sensitive materials when dry, some even when damp [1,2], The salt derived from diazotised p-phenylendiamine was considered to be more explosive than any other substance known in 1910 [3], Individually indexed compounds are 4-Aminobenzenediazonium perchlorate, 2304 Benzene-l,4-bis(diazonium perchlorate), 2160 Benzenediazonium perchlorate, 2232 4,4/-Biphenylenebis(diazonium) perchlorate, 3457... 

Compound 42 was synthesized following the pubhshed method [40], The yield of the mCPBA oxidation of 42 to afford 6 was less than 50% and involved a cumbersome isolation procedure. This oxidation is the most environmentally unfriendly step in the synthesis of 6. The addition of one gram of oxygen to the sulfide generates more than ten grams of m-chlorobenzoic acid as a waste. Thus, this transformation is not green, and furthermore mCPBA is an expensive and shock-sensitive material. 

Shock sensitive materials react exothermally when subject to a pressure impulse. The impulse may come from a hammer-like blow, such as used in the standard drop-weight test, or a compression, such as might be experienced in a deadheaded plant compressor or valve slamming shut. Normally, shock sensitivity increases with an increase in temperature. Materials that do not show an exotherm on the DSC are seldom shock sensitive. 

Note Keep this substance away from heavy metals and their salts to prevent potential formation of shock sensitive materials, which easily detonate by heat, shock, sparks, or friction. 

Frictions and Impacts. Friction produces hot surfaces and emits small luminous objects called mechanical sparks, both of which can ignite flammable gases. Impact can cause friction between the two surfaces. Impact without friction can cause ignition of shock sensitive materials. 

Mr. Ellison is president of Cerberus Associates, Inc. and as a private consultant, has responded to both transportation and fixed facility hazardous material incidents throughout the state of Michigan. He has acted as incident commander, safety officer, and response specialist at scenes involving chemical fires, water reactive materials, and shock sensitive materials. He has provided chemical and biological counterterrorism training to members of hazardous materials (HazMat) teams, police Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams, and Explosive Ordinance Disposal (EOD) teams. 

CARBON OXYCHLORIDE (75-44-5) COCI2 Highly toxic and corrosive gas. Deconqioses slowly with water, producing hydrochloric acid and carbon oxides. Deconqjoses above 572°F/300°C, forming toxic and corrosive gases of hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide chlorine. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, amines, alkalis, anhydrous ammonia, isopropanol, chemically active metals aluminum, silicon tetrahydride, sodium. Forms shock-sensitive material with potassium. Incompatible with tert-alcohols. 

AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE (7790-98-9) A powerful oxidizer. An explosion hazard sensitive to friction, impact, shock, and heat. Often contains the highly sensitive and explosive nitryl perchlorate as an impurity. Likewise, small amounts of potassium periodate will increase impact sensitivity. Violent reaction with reducing agents, combustible materials. Shock-sensitive materials formed on contact with ferrocene S, organic matter, metal powders, potassium permanganate, sulfur. At elevated temperatures, contained or confined material may explode violently. Contact with many materials in the presence of heat can cause a violent reaction, including explosion. 

ARGENTIC FLUORIDE (7783-95-1) Contact with acetylene produces shock-sensitive material. Ammonia contact produces compounds that are explosive when dry. Hydrogen peroxide causes violent decomposition to oxygen gas. Soluble silver compounds attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. 

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