Shiga toxin transport

Shiga toxin is described as being transported after uptake via clathrin-coated pits from recycling endosomes to the Golgi apparatus (31). 

Goud B, Salamero J, Johannes L. Targeting of Shiga toxin b- 28. subunit to retrograde transport route in association with detergent-resistant membranes. Mol. Biol. Cell 2001 12 2453-2468. 

Sandvig K, Garred 0, Prydz K, Kozlov JV, Hansen SH, Deurs B (1992) Retrograde transport of endocytosed Shiga toxin to the endoplasmic reticulum. Nature 358 510-512. 

As in other organs, ABCBl is the best investigated transporter in the liver. It was demonstrated that turpentine-induced APR leads to a 50-70% reduction of ABCBl expression and function in rat liver tissue 48 h after treatment [103]. Similar results were observed in studies of endotoxin-triggered inflammation in which both constitutive and induced expression were affected in rodents [104]. Further experiments have shown that reduction of ABCBl expression is also linked to a reduction in ABCBl function. In two distinct experimental setups, Shiga-toxin II and endotoxin administration to rats prompted a substantial reduction in ABCBl function (assessed by hepatobiliary doxorubicin and "TC-sestamibi clearance), accompanied by a significant reduction in ABCBl protein expression [69, 105]. Likewise, endotoxin-treated mice displayed decreased liver-mediated doxorubcin clearance as a result of... 

Sandvig, K. and van Deurs, B. (1996) Endocytosis, intracellular transport, and cytotoxic action of Shiga toxin and ricin. Physiol Rev, 16, 949-966. 

Mallard F, Antony C, Tenza D et al. (1998). Direct pathway from early/recycling endosomes to the Golgi apparatus revealed through the study of shiga toxin B-fragment transport. J Cell Biol, 143, 973-990. 

How do these results support your sequence-based predictions and the known role of COPI coat protein in retrograde transport Can you formulate a hypothesis for how Shiga toxin is transported from the Golgi to the ER ... 

Effect of microinjected antibodies directed against COPI proteins on the transport of wild type Shiga toxin B-subunit or Shiga toxin B-KDEL from Golgi complex to the ER. 

Shiga toxin, a bacterial toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae belonging to the AB5 toxins family. It is structurally related to verotoxin and cholera toxin. Shiga toxin is composed of two subunits. The monomeric A-subunit has a N-glycosidase activity causing inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death. The B-subunit is a homopentamer which is responsible for receptor binding, internalization and intracellular transport of the holotoxin [E. A. Meritt, W. G. Hoi, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 1995, 5, 165 D. G. Pina et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2007, 1768, 628]. 

Functional Analysis of Aril and Golgin-97 in Endosome-to-TGN Transport Using Recombinant Shiga Toxin B Fragment... 

Johannes, L., Tenza, D., Antony, C, and Goud, B. (1997). Retrograde transport of KDEL-bearing B-fragment of Shiga toxin. J. BioL Chem. 272,19554—19561. 

Noakes KL, Teisserenc HT, Lord JM et al. Exploiting retrograde transport of Shiga-like toxin 1 for the delivery of exogenous antigens into the MHC class I presentation pathway. FEBS Lett 1999 453(l-2) 95-99. 

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