Sewage, fermentation

Other iavestigations of cross-flow filtration iaclude the study of the coaceatratioa of bacteria (41), the coaceatratioa of fermentation cell debris (42), the coaceatratioa of electrocoatiag paiat (43), the chemical effects oa cross-flow filtratioa of primary sewage efflueat (44), and the use of tubes of different materials, dimensions, and porosity with several slurries (45). 

Amines or amides Alkyl amines (iindecyloctyl and diamyl methyl amine) polyamides (acyl derivatives of piperazine) Boiler foam sewage foam fermentation dye baths... 

The most widespread biological application of three-phase fluidization at a commercial scale is in wastewater treatment. Several large scale applications exist for fermentation processes, as well, and, recently, applications in cell culture have been developed. Each of these areas have particular features that make three-phase fluidization particularly well-suited for them Wastewater Treatment. As can be seen in Tables 14a to 14d, numerous examples of the application of three-phase fluidization to waste-water treatment exist. Laboratory studies in the 1970 s were followed by large scale commercial units in the early 1980 s, with aerobic applications preceding anaerobic systems (Heijnen et al., 1989). The technique is well accepted as a viable tool for wastewater treatment for municipal sewage, food process waste streams, and other industrial effluents. Though pure cultures known to degrade a particular waste component are occasionally used (Sreekrishnan et al., 1991 Austermann-Haun et al., 1994 Lazarova et al., 1994), most applications use a mixed culture enriched from a similar waste stream or treatment facility or no inoculation at all (Sanz and Fdez-Polanco, 1990). 

Anaerobic. A type of chemical reaction that occurs in the absence of oxygen such as the fermentation of sugars by yeast or decomposition of sewage sludge by microorganisms. 

Spano, L.A., "Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Wastes to Fermentable Sugars for Alcohol Production", in "Symposium on Clean Fuels from Biomass, Sewage, Urban Refuse, Agricultural Wastes", 325-348, Inst, of Gas Technology, Chicago (1976). Wilke, C.R., Stockar, V. and Yang, R.D., AIChE Symposium Series No. 158, (1976) 104. 

By enrichment culture technique, a bacterium was isolated from local sewage sludge, utilising caryophyllene as the sole source of carbon and energy [103]. Fermentation of / -pinene by this culture in a mineral salt medium (Seuberf s medium) at 30°C with agitation and aeration for four days yielded a few neutral and acidic transformation products. The metabolites isolated and identified were camphor (2), bomeol (1),... 

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