Separator settling

Use of the proper grade of soda ash, sodium metasilicate and sodium tri-poly phosphate is important. Use of the wrong grade can cause separation, settling, and loss of vi scos i ty. 

A process for phase separation based on density differences. A commercial lamella settler for suspensions or emulsions comprises a stack of parallel plates spaced apart from each other and inclined from the horizontal. The space between each set of plates forms a separate settling zone. The feed is pumped into these spaces, at a point near the longitudinal middle of the plates. The less dense phases rise to the underside of the upper plates... 

The product is continuously sent from apparatus 2 into the middle part of separator 3 to be separated from water. Silanol from the top part of the separator is continuously sent to be flushed with water in apparatus 4. Acid waters from the separator and flusher are withdrawn through a siphon into collector 12. Between the separator and the flusher there is a hydroejector, which is filled with water for washing silanol, heated to 50-70 °C. Silanol from the top part of the separator is continuously sent into the middle part of separator settling box 5. The separated water is periodically poured into receptacle 11. By sending vapour (0.3 MPa) into the jacket or coil of the apparatus, a temperature of 70-90 °C is maintained in separator settling box 5. Here silanol is completely separated from water and partially "clarified". The contents of the separator settling box are periodically sampled to determine the acidity of silanol. pH of the aqueous extract of silanol should be from 5 to 7. 

From the top part of separator settling box 5 silanol continuously enters one of two condensator tanks 6 (the diagram shows one), switched as they fill. These enameled apparatuses with gate agitators and water vapour jackets are used for the distillation of the solvent and partial condensation of the product. If it is necessary to obtain modified varnishes, it is possible to introduce various organic additives into apparatus 6 from batch box 7 at this stage. As one of condenser tanks 6 accumulates, silanol is clarified before the distillation of the solvent, i.e. separated from traces of moisture by settling at 80-90 °C. 

Fig. 69. Production diagram of the semicontinuous production of polyphenyl-silsesquioxane obtained by the hydrolytic condensation of phenyltrichlorosilane 1,7- batch boxes 2 - hydrolyser 3 - separator 4 - flusher 5 - separator settling box 6 - distillation condenser tank 8 - cooler 9, 11, 12 - collectors 10 - settling box...

Deep cone thickener Lagoon thickener Lamella separator Settling tank thickener... 

FATTY ACIDS. RCOOH. Laboratory tests have shown that fatty acids cause mild attack of 1100 alloy at ambient temperature. Anhydrous fatty acids were found to be veiy corrosive to aluminum alloys at the boiling point in other laboratoty tests. Aluminum alloy storage tanks, separators, settling and receiving tanks, condensers, vapor lines, and steam trace lines have been used to process and handle fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives. See also Ref (1) p. 132, (2) p. 274, (3) pp. 125, 127, (4) pp. 25, 100, (7) p. 93. 

Mixer-settlers are devices in which immiscible liquids are mixed together in an attempt to bring the system to equilibrium. The two phases then are separated (settled) and removed. While such devices can provide high stage efficiencies, they require a large floor area and have high liquid inventories. 

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