Sensitization protein reactivity

Ridker PM (2001) High-sensitivity C-reactive protein potential adj unct for global risk assessment in the prim ary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 103 1813— 1818... 

For effective sensitization, a chemical must therefore be inherently protein-reactive or must be converted in the skin to a protein-reactive metabolite. Chemicals that are unable to associate effectively with proteins will fail to stimulate a cutaneous immune response. For those chemical contact allergens that require metabolism to a protein reactive species, it is possible that genetic differences in metabolism may play a role in the differential susceptibility of individuals to the development of contact hypersensitivity responses to these materials. 

Stengelin, M., Hudson, K., Bedzyk, W. D., Singh, P., Desai, V., LeBlanc, M., Berg, M., Murray, V. and Bauer, R. Development and performance of a high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein assay for the Stratus CS STAT fluorometric analyzer , Clin. Chem., 46, 26 (Abstract) (2000). 

As mentioned earlier, the response of each protein will vary. This is especially apparent with colorimetric assays or derivatization methods requiring a chemical reaction. These protein-to-protein reactivity differences mean that a protein assay suitable for one protein may not be suitable for another. Even for a given protein and a specific protein determination method, results may still vary based on limitations of the assay. Methods requiring extensive sample preparation including protein concentration, buffer exchange, and time-sensitive reactions are liable to be less reproducible than direct measurement techniques, which have fewer variable parameters. The application will determine the suitability of the method. 

Preparation of Highly Sensitive Protein Array Using Reactive Polymer... 

Jialal I, Devaraj S. Inflammation and atherosclerosis The value of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay as a risk marker. Am J Clin Pathol 2001 116(Suppl.) S108 S115. 

Several prospective studies have shown that markers of inflammation, such as sensitive C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (S-AA), are predictors of increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral vascular disease (53-56). 

Figure 5-3. Complete spectrum of acute coronary pathophysiological process from initiation of atherosclerosis to cell death. Biomarkers released at different stages include interleukin 6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), cardiac troponins I and T (cTnT and cTnl, respectively), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP). Of these, only the troponins and BMPs are myocardial specific.

Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, Coresh J, Folsom AR, Chambless LE, Myerson M, Wu KK, Sharrett AR, Boerwinkle E (2005) Lipoprotein-associated phosphohpase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident ischemic stroke in middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Arch Intern Med 165 2479-2484. 

Rifai N> Ridker PM. Proposed cardiovascular risk assessment algorithm using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipid screening. Cfin Chem 2001 47 28-30. 

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Tibet and Francis in 1930 described a substance that was present in the sera of acutely ill patients and able to bind the cell wall C-polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae and agglutinate the organisms. In 1941 the substance was shown to be a protein and given the name C-reactive protein (CRP). 

Figure 26-28 Head-to-head comparison of LDL cholesterol and hsCRP in their ability to predict future vascular events. LDL, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol hsCftfi high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. (From Ridker PM, Rifai N, Rose L, Buring JE, Cook NR. Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2002 347 1557-65.)...

Data from Ford ES, Giles WH, et al. Population distribution of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein among US men findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. Clin Chem 2003 49 686-90 Yamada S, Gotoh T, et aJ. Distribution of serum C-reactive protein and its association with atherosclerotic risk factors in a Japanese population Jichi Medical School Cohort Study, Am J Epidemiol 2001 153 1183-90. 

Benzaquen LR, Yu H, et al. High sensitivity C-reactive protein an emerging role in cardiovascular risk assessment. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2002 39 459-97. 

Ford ES, Giles WH, et al. Population distribution of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein among US men findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. Clin Chem 2003 49 686-90. 

Kimberly M M, Vesper HW, et al. Standardization of immunoassays for measurement of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Phase I Evaluation of secondary reference materials. Chn Chem 2003 49 611-16. 

Ockene IS, Matthews CE, et al. (2001). Variability and classification accuracy of serial high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements in healthy adults. Clin Chem 2001 47 444-50. 

Roberts WL, Moulton L, et al. Evaluation of nine automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein methods implications for clinical and epidemiological applications. Part 2. Clin Chem 2001 47 418-25. 

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