Resists sensitivity

Refs. 21, 22, 155. Abbreviations AHV, a-amino-(3-hydroxyvaleric acid Horn, L-homoserine AEG, (3 -(2-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine ppc, phosphoenolpymvate carboxylase the strain improvement largely depends on the transduction technology sensitive resistant —, auxotroph or deficient , leaky auxotroph +, prototrophic revertant. Table 7. Amino Acid Production from Hydrocarbons ... 

The sensitivity a expressing its ability to have its structure modified as a result of exposure (more sensitive resists require lower exposure doses). 

Doelman P, Jansen E, Michels M, Van-Til M (1994) Effects of heavy metals in soil on microbial diversity and activity as shown by the sensitivity-resistance index, an ecological relevant parameter. Biol Fertil Soils 17 177-184... 

Weed sensitivity to solarization treatment may be largely variable according to the different species (Economou et al. 1997 Elmore 1998). Based on heat sensitivity, Restuccia et al. (1994) classified weed species as sensitive, resistant, or not well defined (Table 9.1). The first group included about 80 annual species, further sub-... 

Another class of "chain scission" positive resists is the poly(olefin sulfones). These polymers are alternating copolymers of an olefin and sulfur dioxide. The relatively weak C-S bond is readily cleaved upon irradiation and several sensitive resists have been developed based on this chemistry (49,50). One of these materials, poly(butene-l sulfone) (PBS) has been made commercially available for mask making. PBS exhibits an e-beam sensitivity of 1.6 pC cm-2 at 20 kV and 0.25 pm resolution. 

In summary, we have shown that the proton beam sensitivity of an HS-MOTSS copolymer decreases and the contrast increases with increasing proton energy, and that the influence of the proton energy on the sensitivity of these materials is diminished with the more sensitive resists. 

PT, representing the actual rheostat through which nucleus modulate sensitivity/resistance to the external stimuh. Some of these proteins, such as Bax and Bak increase the conductivity ofPT (Narita et al, 1998), thereby facihtating apoptosis, whereas others (such as Bcl-2 and Bc1-Xl) inhihit cell death hy hampering the opening of PT (Shimizu et al, 1998). 

Plant Cul- Concentration, control in response listed Sensitive Resistant ... 

Approach taken to further understanding osteopetrosis was based on knowledge concerning two phenolypically similar murine mutants with macrocytic anemia (Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al., 1981). These two anemias one secondary to mutation of the W locus (now known as c-kit) and the other secondary to the mutation of Steel locus (now known as gene for Kit Ligand or Steel Factor) are reciprocally sensitive/resistant to bone marrow transplantation... 

Alas S, Bonavida B. Inhibition of constitutive STATS activity sensitizes resistant non-Hodgkin s lymphoma and multiple myeloma to chemotherapeutic drug-mediated apoptosis.C/tw Cancer Res 2003 9 316-326. 

Perfluoroalcohol containing monomers were previously prepared by the authors (4) and Komoriya et al. (5) and used in preparing radiation-sensitive resist compositions, (II) and (III), respectively. 

The power output of photolithographic projection printers in the deep UV range (X < 300 nm) is relatively low thereby requiring very sensitive resists in order to achieve economical throughput. The same is true of x-ray printers utilizing conventional x-ray sources. 

A major consequence of these considerations is that new exposure sources and/or very sensitive resist materials must be developed in order to realize the resolution enhancement offered by deep-UV lithography without the penalty of extremely long exposure times. Considerable advances have been made on both fronts. 

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