Self diagnoses

Sensors. One growth area for electronic ceramics is in sensor appHcations. Sensors (qv) are devices that transform nonelectrical inputs into electrical outputs, thus providing environmental feedback. Smart, or intelligent, sensors also allow for mechanisms such as self-diagnosis, recovery, and adjustment for process monitoring and control (see Process control). 

As the last example suggests, the publicity given the uric acid theory also set off an epidemic of self-diagnosis by the public. "Indeed," a Chicago physician complained, "among the laity it is the almost universal belief that a joint pain, myalgia, neuritis, neuralgia, etc. are due to uric acid-----How... 

A review of your own development needs is an obvious starting point for a developmental project. You cany out some form of self-diagnosis of your strengths and weaknesses, and seek out a project opportunity that will involve you in managing in an area that you want to develop. For example, to develop yourself in the area of interpersonal relations you might choose a project that involves you in setting up arrangements for interdepartmental collaboration. 

The idea that people may select an action to make a favourable self-diagnosis is not new. The first experiment went beyond earlier treatments of the problem by demonstrating that self-deception may contribute to accepting the diagnosis implied by behaviour. The... 

Ah now, self-diagnosis is always a chancy thing. If you d just - ... 

This patient was the first case of ALPE in which a bone scan with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) showed patchy findings (see Fig. 18) (the details are given in Chap. 3, Sect. 4). Severe abdominal pain developed after skiing. He consulted our hospital under a self-diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. 

Because of the severe pain, the physician (Patient 5) with exercise-induced acute renal failure (ALPE) made a self-diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Initially, most patients are diagnosed as having ureteral stone, but some physicians diagnose lumbar pain or lumbar disc hernia. 

Diagnostic data interrogatable, high level of diagnosis profundity. To some extent, self-diagnosis supports predictive maintenance... 

The indication or indications that the product is to be used as an OTC drug should be similar to the prescription indication or indications, and it must allow for easy self-diagnosis and monitoring by the patient. 

Lowell, M. Consumer trends in self-diagnosis, home testing and over the counter medication implications for the registered nurse. Kans. Nurse 1995, 70 (5), 1-2. 

Might, by a description or detailed representation of a case history, lead to erroneous self-diagnosis... 

First of all, and nothing to do with the drug itself, self-treatment implies self-diagnosis. Only diseases that are self-diagnosable with the assistance of appropriate labeling can be considered for OTC treatment. 

Crucial issues that must be addressed in the expert report of the application are the ease of self-diagnosis of the target disease, whether the substance is a narcotic or a psychotropic substance, if there is a risk of abuse leading to addiction and whether the substance has a potential for misuse for illegal purposes. 

A way for governments to save money is for part of the burden to be shifted to the patient, that is patient copayments. These are more or less universal. Two systems operate a flat-rate copayment unconnected with the price of the drug as in Ireland, the Netherlands and the UK, or a proportion of the price of the dmg as in Spain, Denmark, Belgium and France. Exemptions are common. For example, in the UK 85% of prescriptions were exempt in 2000. Encouragement of OTC drugs is another, way in which patients can be induced to contribute. Self-diagnosis and prescription worries doctors, but there has been an increase in the scope of drugs licensed for OTC sale and this may be expected to increase. 

A third reason to use herbal medicine is cost visits to physicians, including tests, possible hospitalization and medication are expensive, whereas self-diagnosis followed by herbal medicine costs almost nothing. Diagnosis and treatment are readily accomplished by purchase of any of a number of books stocked by stores selling herb teas. These range from extensive historical treatments to lists of ailments and the herbs to take for them accompanied by enthusiastic endorsements which often border on fanaticism (117,122,123,131). 

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