Self-assembly bonding interactions

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are molecular layers tliat fonn spontaneously upon adsorjDtion by immersing a substrate into a dilute solution of tire surface-active material in an organic solvent [115]. This is probably tire most comprehensive definition and includes compounds tliat adsorb spontaneously but are neither specifically bonded to tire substrate nor have intennolecular interactions which force tire molecules to organize tliemselves in tire sense tliat a defined orientation is adopted. Some polymers, for example, belong to tliis class. They might be attached to tire substrate via weak van der Waals interactions only. 

The following sections contain a review of many of the varied synthetic systems that have been developed to date utilising noncovalent interactions to form assembhes of molecules. These sections are loosely demarcated according to the most important type of noncovalent interactions utilized in conferring supramolecular order (ie, van der Waal s interactions, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonds). For extensive reviews, see References 1,2,4—6,22,46,49,110—112. Finally, the development of self-assembling, self-replicating synthetic systems is noted. 

Due to its unique chemical composition and structure, DNA can interact with a plethora of chemical structures via numerous types of bonds. This property ultimately defines the ability of DNA fragments to serve as the building blocks in the complex three-dimensional self-assembled structures. Following we Ust four major types of polymer/DNA interactions that can lead to formation of supramolecular structures ... 

The field of halogen bonding is still in its infancy. Nevertheless, this book proves its potential in the numerous and diverse fields in which recognition and self-assembly processes are crucial. Hopefully, this book will prompt new studies in the field that deepen the basic understanding of halogen interactions and implement its potential in the design of useful materials. 

Ligand self-assembly through coordinative bonding has been used to increase the bulkiness of a monodentate tris-3-pyridyl phosphine ligand employing the zinc porphyrin/pyridine interaction (Scheme 33) [95-97]. The corresponding rhodium catalyst allowed for regioselective hydroformylation of2-octene [95]. 

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