Selectivity determination clinical studies applications

In the past, TLC and spectroscopy were the firsts analytical techniques used for the determination of carbamate pesticides, with their inherent difficulties (particularly their limited sensitivity). With the inception of GC and LC, TLC applications were restricted to sample cleanup, metabolic studies, and, perhaps most important, confirmatory analyses in clinical and medical-legal cases requiring positive, unambiguous identification, and quantitative determination.At present, TLC continues to offer attractive features, such as, parallel sample processing for a high sample throughput, accessibility of the sample for postchromatographic evaluation free of time constraints, detection in the presence of the stationary phase, which is somewhat independent of mobile phase and normally used only once. Table 24.5 shows selected examples of the use of TLC for the determination of carbamates. 

Since the early days of analytical applications of ion-selective electrodes they have been used in clinical analysis. The progress in construction and miniaturisation of electrodes as well as contemporary development of computerised potentiometric apparatus have led to the production of automatic analyzers designed especially for clinical applications/ The high degree of response selectivity of the membrane sensors used today eliminates practically the mutual interaction of various blood, serum, plasma or urine components. Nevertheless when drugs or their metabolites are introduced into the body they in some cases may influence the electrode response and cause errors in estimation of the content of the ions present naturally, i.e., potassium, sodium, calcium and chloride. Such parasitic effects may be caused by the interaction of drugs with the electrode membrane. The aim of this study was to check whether some selected drugs can influence the determination of the above mentioned electrolyte ions in the serum. 

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