Seeding Material

Figure 4. TEM and HRTEM images of (a) 6.5 nm Co nanoparticles and (b) Co-core/Au-shell nanoparticles using Co nanoparticles as the seed material. Lattice distances measured by HRTEM as well-matched to known Au lattice parameters for the (111) plane (inset). The average size of the Co-core/Au-shell nanoparticles is ca. 6.4 nm, which is similar to the initial size of the Co nanoparticles because the atom exchange process is the only operative reaction. (Reprinted from Ref [145], 2005, with permission from American Chemical...

The source of all biological RMs is new accessions , i.e. a new organism. Once one is received, it is grown in fresh medium and a set of seed stock vials are made along with a distribution batch of vials. Quality control is performed on the seed material and the distribution batch. When the first distribution batch is exhausted, another new lot is made by propagating only from the seed material. The seed stock is always the closest material to the original deposit available for propagation and verification. 

Reduce the seed material to a fine powder in a blender, and spread it out to dry. Grind it again if it is not fine enough after the first time due to dampness. 

Saturate the powdered seed material with lighter fluid, naphtha or ligroine. When completely saturated, it should have the consistency of soup. 

D Arcy, A., MacSweeny, A., Stihle, M. and Haber, A. (2003). Using natural seeding material to generate nucleation in protein crystallization experiments. Acta Crystallogr. D 59,1343-1346. 

Spontaneous crystallization can occur in the labile area without the addition of seeding material. 

There are alternatives to consider when extracting LOX from dry seed material. Instead of oil removal by hexane/acetone extraction, oil can be partially removed by vacuum aspiration of the fat pellet floating on the supernatant after centrifugation. As an alternative to extraction... 

It is possible to obtain popcorn polymers in the form of flakes (24). For this purpose, a pulverized popcorn polymer is brought into the monomer feed in a stirred reactor. The proliferous growth of the seed material in the stirred reactor leads to a finely distributed material... 

Plant breeding On farm, criteria seed size and appearance New seed material new fodder grasses. Limited use of own seed Promotion of hybrid seeds both from within and outside the country Limited use of own seed by the resource poor farmers Promotion of hybrid seeds both from within and outside the country. Limited efforts by farmers to raise their own seeds. Continued use of own seed by the resource poor farmers... 

The gel solution mixtures were packed in ampoules and crystallized at 100°C for various periods from 0.25 to 131 days. The solid products were washed with water to pH = 9 and dried overnight at 100°C, then calcined under passage of air at 540°C for 3 5 h. The molar ratio of Si/Al, (Na + K)/A1, K/(Na + K), and choline/0H were fixed at 9-3, 7.3 0.17, and 0.67, respectively. Based on the analysis of the slow crystallization rate process, the hydrothermal treatment was properly shortened by a temperature-programmed crystallization. Furthermore, the effects of seed materials, type of template, hydrothermal temperature, and Si/Al ratio of the gel mixture on the crystallization were investigated. 

Metal incorporation into the zeolite using metal loaded seed materials. The combination of catalyst metal with zeolite catalyst is one of the most intriguing subjects for bifunctional catalysis. The achievement of prominent effect of the seed crystals on the crystallization of ZSM-34 type catalyst induced an idea that the seed material on which a catalyst metal had been supported previously would also be effective for rapid crystallization. 

Instead of the seed zeolite crystals, a mixture of one part y-alumina ( 0.2 pm ) and three parts a-alumina ( ca. 1 im ) was used as seed material. Fortunately, a similar effect on the crystallization was observed, although about 2 times the quantity of the seed materials was necessary (5)). The metal pre-loaded y and a-alumina mixture was then tried as the seed material and confirmed the same effect on crystallization. In the case of 0.4 wt% Ru ( ) and 0.7 wt% Rh (12) in the catalyst product a longer catalyst life was obtained, i.e., 1.32 times and 1.65 times, respectively, without any significant change in the activity and selectivity compared with the non metal-loaded zeolite catalyst. 

Most of the silicon component feed has been already involved in this precipitate, and crystallizations occurs internally inside the solid phase of the precipitate. The precipitate itself is the precursor of the crystal. In fact, seed materials have no enhancement effect on the crystal growth as described above. Therefore, the following three hypotheses were considered and trials were made to substantiate them. 

W mass of seed material or interchange energy X characteristic length of crystal... 

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