Screening surface quality

Bombardment with electron beam in the 20-1000 eV range. Emerging diffracted beams are accelerated onto a phosphorous screen. Used to control the surface quality of a sample prepared under UHV conditions... 

A variation of the LORIA test uses new technology to evaluate the surface quality of Class A automotive body panels, eliminating subjective visual methods. It uses a low-intensity visible laser to detect surface deviations and imperfections. The beam is projected and scanned across the area, reflected on screen and captured by a high-resolution video camera. There is no contact with the surface, no stylus and no damage. 

Terahertz (THz) or T-ray radiation has attracted much attention in recent years with the development of biomedical imaging, security screening, manufactuxring quality control, and sensors [30-32], Polymers are among the important materials for fabrication of terahertz devices, owing to relatively low loss and low dispersion. Polydimethylsiloxane is a type of polymer with the ability to incorporate lithographically pattern metal layers on/or embedded within its surface, which allows fabrication of advanced terahertz devices. 

Initial screens can be distinguished between methods that are used to determine what factors are most important, and follow-up screens that allow optimization and improvement of crystal quality (Table 14.1). In experimental design, this is known as the Box-Wilson strategy (Box et al., 1978). The first group of screens is generally based on a so-called factorial plan which determines the polynomial coefficients of a function with k variables (factors) fitted to the response surface. It can be shown that the number of necessary experiments n increases with 2 if all interactions are taken into account. Instead of running an unrealistic, large number of initial experiments, the full factorial matrix can... 

From the dryer, the strands are screened to remove fines and small particles, which would detract from board quality and economy. These fines are burned for fuel or possibly sold to a nearby particleboard mill as raw material. The larger strands are used as surface material and the smaller strands are core material. 

Czemiawska-Kusza, I. and Ebis, M. (2000) Toxicity of waste dump leachates and sugar factory effluents and their impact on groundwater and surface water quality in the Opole Province in Poland, in G. Persoone, C. Janssen and W.M. De Coen (eds.), New Microbiotests for Routine Toxicity Screening and Biomonitoring, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 319-322. 

SEs and BSEs are typically detected by an Everhart-Thornley (ET) scintillator-photomultiplier secondary electron detector. The SEM image is shaped on a cathode ray tube screen, whose electron beam is scanned synchronously with the high-energy electron beam, so that an image of the surface of the specimen is formed [52], The quality of this SEM image is directly related to the intensity of the secondary and/or BSE emission detected at each x- and y-point throughout the scanning of the electron beam across the surface of the material [8],... 

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