Schizophrenia genetic association studies

Schwab SG, Plummer C, Albus M, Borrmann-Hassenbach M, Lerer B, et al. 2008. DNA sequence variants in the metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 and risk to schizophrenia An association study. Psychiatr Genet 18 25-30. 

Allen NC, Bagade S, McQueen MB, Ioannidis JPA, Kawoura FK, et al. 2008. Systematic meta-analyses and field synopsis of genetic association studies in schizophrenia The szgene database. Nat Genet 40 827-834. 

No consistent evidence from positron emission tomography (PET) studies or genetic association studies to suggest a constitutional change in D2 receptors in schizophrenia. 

Genetic association studies suggest that abnormal D3 variants (but not D4 variants) may occur in excess in patients with schizophrenia. 

Chen Q, He G, Qin W, Chen QY, Zhao XZ, et al. 2004a. Family-based association study of synapsin II and schizophrenia. Am J Hum Genet 75 873-877. 

Li D, He L. 2007a. Association study between the NMDA receptor 2B subunit gene (GRIN2B) and schizophrenia A HuGE review and meta-analysis. Genet Med 9 4-8. 

Li D, He L. 2007b. G72/G30 genes and schizophrenia A systematic meta-analysis of association studies. Genetics 175 917-922. 

Qin S, Zhao X, Pan Y, Liu J, Feng G, et al. 2005. An association study of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR1 subunit gene (GRIN1) and NR2B subunit gene (GRIN2B) in schizophrenia with universal DNA microarray. Eur J Hum Genet 13 807-814. 

Zhao X, Shi Y, Tang J, Tang R, Yu L, et al. 2004. A case control and family based association study of the neuregulin 1 gene and schizophrenia. J Med Genet 41 31-34. 

Strous RD, Nolan KA, Lapidus R, Diaz L, Saito T, et al. 2003. Aggressive behavior in schizophrenia is associated with the low enzyme activity COMT polymorphism A replication study. Am J Med Gen B Neuropsychiatr Genet 102B 29-34. 

Leroy S, Griffon N, Bourdel MC et al (2001) Schizophrenia and the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) association study using a single-base polymorphism in coding exon 1. Am J Med Genet 105 749-752... 

A second example, more directly related to the human genome, is the search for genes that are associated, and by inference may be causative, in producing the psychiatric disorder schizophrenia. This disease affects nearly 1 %of the population and has a strong genetic association. From studies comparing schizophrenic patients with individuals lacking symptoms of the disorder, l.o.d. scores of 2.4-... 

Dawson, E. (1995) Identification of a polymorphic triplet marker for the brain cannabinoid receptor gene use in linkage and association studies of schizophrenia. Psychiatr. Genet. 5, S50. 

By contrast, studies of the dopamine D -like receptors have found evidence for the association of the receptor with disease (66) these studies have been replicated (41,42). From among the multitude of these studies, only selected examples are reviewed here. For example, evidence both for and against the association of the dopamine D -like receptors with schizophrenia has been reported. Polymorphisms of the dopamine receptor, including the third intracellular loop VNTR, alter dopamine receptor expression. In addition to association with schizophrenia (3,67-70), the dopamine polymorphisms have been associated with the genetic basis of the variable efficacy of antipsychotics such as clozapine (or neuromuscular toxicity—tardive dyskinesia) (69,71,72). Similarly, promoter SNPs have been associated with altered clozapine efficacy (67,68,73). 

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