Schizophrenia case studies

Reduced dysbindin-1 gene expression in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and hippocampal formation (HF) of schizophrenia cases studied with in situ hybridization. Asterisks in histograms indicate a significant difference between controls (darker bars) and schizophrenia cases (lighter bars). DLPFC reductions in dysbindin-1 (a) were found in all cell layers in the absence of any changes in the presynaptic marker synaptophysin (d) or the postsynaptic marker spinophilin A (g). The reductions found in the HF occurred in all areas except CA1. Graphs are accompanied by representative sections from normal (b, e, h, and k) and schizophrenia (c, f, i, and I) cases. Adapted from Weickert et al. (2004) for the DLPFC and Weickert et al. (2008) for the HF... 

You may have noticed a number of features of the disorder in this case study. However, it is important to note that not all people with schizophrenia show these very symptoms and that there are other symptoms not evident here. However, the case illustrates several archetypal aspects of schizophrenia. First, it is a young person s disease. Second, it has a similar frequency of occurrence in both sexes, unlike many psychiatric... 

Quintana H. and Keshavan, M. (1995) Case study risperidone in children and adolescents with schizophrenia. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 34 1292-1296. 

Case study level Ma - A case of schizophrenia - see page 85... 

Case study level 2 - A case of eating disorder (bulimia nervosa) 82 Case study level 3 - A case of dementia, Alzheimer s type 83 Case study level Ma - A case of schizophrenia 85... 

Koro CE, Fedder DO, L ltaUen GJ, et al. Assessment of independent effect olanzapine and risperidone on risk of diabetes among patients with schizophrenia population based nested case-control study. BMJ 2003 326 283. 

Although childhood cases are rare (McKenna et ah, 1994), schizophrenia has been identified in children since its earliest descriptions. Despite this, the nosological status of schizophrenia in children was controversial for many years, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2nd ed. (DSM-II) category childhood schizophrenia included other psychotic disorders in children as well as autistic disorder, limiting the usefulness of early studies. The landmark studies by Kolvin (1971), however, clearly differentiated schizophrenia with onset in childhood from pervasive developmental disorders. 

Genetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (Karayiorgou and Gogos, 1997), and the notion that such factors may be more salient in very early onset-cases fueled two classic family studies of childhood-onset cases (Kallmann and Roth, 1956 Kelvin et al., 1971). 

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