Schistosoma mansoni infection, drugs

Oxamniquine (9.123), a semisynthetic tetrahydroquinoline, is the treatment of choice for Schistosoma mansoni infections. Its mechanism of action is unknown but appears to entail binding of the drug to the nematode s DNA, somehow causing its death. Alternatively, it may cause worm paralysis and expulsion. 

D. Oxamniquine Oxamniquine is effective solely in Schistosoma mansoni infections, acting on male immature forms and adult schistosomal forms. Dizziness is a common adverse effect headache, gastrointestinal irritation, and pruritus may also occur. Reactions to dying parasites include eosinophilia, urticaria, and pulmonary infiltrates. It is not advisable to use the drug in pregnancy or in patients with a past history of seizure disorders. 

Metrifonate is a safe, low-cost alternative drug for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections. It is not active against S mansoni or S japonicum. It is not available in the USA. 

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